No abstract

Copaiba oil has been largely used due to its therapeutic properties. Nanocapsules were revealed to be a great nanosystem to carry natural oils due to their ability to improve the bioaccessibility and the bioavailability of lipophilic compounds. The aim of this study was to produce and characterize copaiba oil nanocapsules (CopNc) and to evaluate their hemocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity. Copaiba oil was chemically characterized by GC-MS and FTIR. CopNc was produced using the nanoprecipitation method. The physicochemical stability, toxicity, and biocompatibility of the systems, in vitro, were then evaluated. Β-bisabolene, cis-α-bergamotene, caryophyllene, and caryophyllene oxide were identified as the major copaiba oil components. CopNc showed a particle size of 215 ± 10 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.15 ± 0.01, and a zeta potential of −18 ± 1. These parameters remained unchanged over 30 days at 25 ± 2 °C. The encapsulation efficiency of CopNc was 54 ± 2%. CopNc neither induced hemolysis in erythrocytes, nor cytotoxic and genotoxic in lung cells at the range of concentrations from 50 to 200 μg·mL−1. In conclusion, CopNc showed suitable stability and physicochemical properties. Moreover, this formulation presented a remarkable safety profile on lung cells. These results may pave the way to further use CopNc for the development of phytotherapeutic medicine intended for pulmonary delivery of copaiba oil.

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Background and Aims Liver abnormalities are frequent in COVID-19 disease, AST and ALT abnormalities are present in about 60% of serious disease patients. However, liver insufficiency and liver mortality were not important concerns. Decompensate cirrhotic patients are a group of high risk for morbidity and mortality. Consequently, we aimed to study cirrhotic patients with at least one complication: ascites, encephalopathy or esophageal varices; to investigate mortality, transplantation and hospitalization due to SARS-Covid-19 infection pandemic. Methods Liver unit patients were enrolled after ethical approval and signed consentiment term. Combined outcomes during pandemic were analyzed. Participants were submitted to SARS-Cov 2 test by PCR oro/pharingeal swab. Call phone and medical records were consulted for covid 19 symptoms and outcomes. Survival, transplantation and clinical complications were studied. Results Fourthy seven patients were enrolled, 26 followed. Men was 73% of patients and median age was 62,7 years. The cirrhosis etiology in 35% was MAFLD, 32% alcohol, 15% HCV and 18% others. Frequence of COVID-19 infection was 42%, at last 10 months, and three (11%) patients died. Liver-related complications with death were present in 19% of patients without COVID-19 infection. Five patients (19%) were submitted to liver transplantation, without COVID-19 disease. Conclusion Although an incipient analyzes, our data show high death rate of cirrhotic decompensate patients during COVID-19 pandemic. This population needs a specific approach in order to prevent Covid-19 infection, liver-related mortality and complications during pandemic.

Introduction: Elders are a heterogeneous group with gender and age-based differences. The frailty concept makes the debate about the major factor that leads those patients to emergency relevant. Therefore, the high potential of morbidity and mortality of neurological occurrences established the scenario in which this study has been designed. Objective: Report the number of hospitalizations by neurological diseases to evaluate its prevalence in the context of emergency admissions and establish a connection between etiology-health promotion. Methods: It is a cross-sectional retrospective study settled in Juiz de Fora, which is part of the Consórcio Intermunicipal de Saúde da Região Sudeste (CISDESTE). Care provided by Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) to elderly above 61 years old for the period between April/2015 to March/2019 were included in Microsoft Excel 2010 spreadsheets. Information such as age, gender, and type of patient’s neurological occurrence was added to the script. Results: In the period of analysis, 28718 occurrences of elders attended by SAMU were notified. From this total, 7778 (27%) were related to neurological occurrences. Analyzing gender, female patients represented the majority of occurrences, despite the incidence of neurological disorders, which was lower than in male patients (23,5% to 25,6% and 28,5% to 34,5% respectively). Conclusion: It was demonstrated that male is a population at risk of disabling and acute neurological events. The importance of individual care to the elderly is noted, and new studies must be done.