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The precise simulation of voice production is a challenging task, especially when real-time performances are sought. To fulfill real-time constraints, most articulatory vocal synthesizers have to rely on highly simplified acoustic and anatomical models, based on 1D wave propagation and on the usage of vocal tract area functions. In this work, we present a 2D propagation model, designed to simulate the air flow traveling through the midsagittal contour of the vocal tract. Building on the work by Allen et al. [Andrew Allen and Nikunj Raghuvanshi, “Aerophones in flatland: Interactive wave simulation of wind instruments,” ACM Trans. Graph. 34, Article 134 (2015)], we leverage OpenGL and GPU parallelism for a real-time precise 2D airwave simulation. The domain is divided into cells according to a Finite-Difference Time-Domain scheme and coupled with a self-oscillating two-mass vocal fold model. To investigate the system’s ability to simulate the physiology of the vocal tract and its aerodynamics, two studies are presented. First, we compare the performances in vowel production of our 2D approach with other 1D wave propagation systems in literature, using area functions. Subsequently, this case is extended by replacing area functions with 2D vocal tract contours derived from 3D MRI data.

International audienceImmersive Virtual Musical Instruments (IVMIs) can be considered as the meeting between Music Technology and Virtual Reality. Being both musical instruments and elements of Virtual Environments , IVMIs require a transversal approach from their designers, in particular when the final aim is to play them in front of an audience , as part of a scenography. In this paper, we combine the main constraints of musical performances and Virtual Reality applications into a set of dimensions, meant to extensively describe IVMIs stage setups. A number of existing stage setups are then classified using these dimensions, explaining how they were used to showcase live virtual performances and discussing their scenographic level

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The paper presents the preliminary implementation of eLaparo4D, an immersive training space designed for videolaparoscopic surgery. This is a low-cost training space which integrates haptic devices with realistic surgery tools and 3D rendering with physically deformable 3D CG models of the human internal organs. The main objective of the eLaparo4D first prototype is to design effective training exercises for medicine students within a realistic scenario of a videolaparoscopic operating room. The simulator is based on a client/server layered architecture in order to act as a sort of data gateway: the hardware is interfaced with the physics 3D engine to obtain real-time performances, with an HTML5-based 3D output visual interface in order to integrate the tracking of operating sessions within a custom training platform