Objectives:The aim of the current article was to review data already published in the literature on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome associated with infertility. Methods: Search for scientific articles in the databases: Lilacs, SciELO, Medline, Pubmed, Elsevier and Virtual Health Library, from 2001 to 2017, as well as bibliographies present at Potiguar University. Results: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is a hormonal disorder that affects a large part of the female population of reproductive age. The main cause of this disorder is hyperandrogenism, which together with oligoanovulation adds more characteristic factors for the diagnosis of this pathology. Hyperandrogenism is characterized by an excessive production of androgen hormones, with this production being discerned by a marked synthesis of testosterone, which is stimulated by the luteinizing hormone and intensified by insulin or by the intrinsic elevation of the secretion of these androgens. Although this pathology is recognized mainly by androgenic elevation, its hormonal action is still unknown. However, studies indicate that the high catabolism of cortisol and the intense response of adrenal androgens to normal adrenocorticotrophic hormone levels are related. Assisted human reproduction (AHR) has been an option to treat infertility due to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS); however it presents, mixed results. Due to the importance of this subject and the absence of recent articles relevant to the topic, the aim of this article was to review the published data on the PCOS associated with infertility. conclusions: In vitro fertilization is an option to achieve pregnancy in women refractory to treatment with ovulation stimulants. Despite few studies linking Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome with in vitro fertilization, it was found that this biotechnology provides significant results, however it may present subsequent disorders.