The ExoMol database ( www.exomol.com ) provides molecular data for spectroscopic studies of hot atmospheres. While the data are intended for studies of exoplanets and other astronomical bodies, the dataset is widely applicable. The basic form of the database is extensive line lists; these are supplemented with partition functions, state lifetimes, cooling functions, Landé g-factors, temperature-dependent cross sections, opacities, pressure broadening parameters, k -coefficients and dipoles. This paper presents the latest release of the database which has been expanded to consider 80 molecules and 190 isotopologues totaling over 700 billion transitions. While the spectroscopic data are concentrated at infrared and visible wavelengths, ultraviolet transitions are being increasingly considered in response to requests from observers. The core of the database comes from the ExoMol project which primarily uses theoretical methods, albeit usually fine-tuned to reproduce laboratory spectra, to generate very extensive line lists for studies of hot bodies. The data have recently been supplemented by line lists derived from direct laboratory observations, albeit usually with the use of ab initio transition intensities. A major push in the new release is towards accurate characterisation of transition frequencies for use in high resolution studies of exoplanets and other bodies.

A rotation-vibration line list for the electronic ground state (X 1 A 1 ) of SiH 2 is presented. The line list, named CATS, is suitable for temperatures up to 2000 K and covers the wavenumber range 0-10 000 cm −1 (wavelengths > 1.0 µm) for states with rotational excitation up to J = 52. Over 310 million transitions between 593 804 energy levels have been computed variationally with a new empirically refined potential energy surface, determined by refining to 75 empirical term values with J ≤ 5 and a newly computed high-level ab initio dipole moment surface. This is the first, comprehensive high-temperature line list to be reported for SiH 2 and it is expected to aid the study of silylene in plasma physics, industrial processes and possible astronomical detection. Furthermore, we investigate the phenomenon of rotational energy level clustering in the spectrum of SiH 2 . The CATS line list is available from the ExoMol database (www.exomol.com) and the CDS database.

A new silicon monoxide (28Si16O) line list covering infrared, visible and ultraviolet regions called SiOUVenIR is presented. This line list extends the infrared EBJT ExoMol line list by including vibronic transitions to the A 1Π and E 1Σ+ electronic states. Strong perturbations to the A 1Π band system are accurately modelled through the treatment of 6 dark electronic states: C 1Σ−, D 1Δ, a 3Σ+, b 3Π, e 3Σ− and d 3Δ. Along with the X 1Σ+ ground state, these 9 electronic states were used to build a comprehensive spectroscopic model of SiO using a combination of empirical and ab initio curves, including the potential energy (PE), spin-orbit (SO), electronic angular momentum (EAM) and (transition) dipole moment curves. The ab initio PE and coupling curves, computed at the multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) level of theory, were refined by fitting their analytical representations to 2617 experimentally derived SiO energy levels determined from 97 vibronic bands belonging to the X–X, E–X and A–X electronic systems through the MARVEL procedure. 112 observed forbidden transitions from the C–X, D–X, e–X, and d–X bands were assigned using our predictions, and these could be fed back into the MARVEL procedure. The SiOUVenIR line list was computed using published ab initio transition dipole moments for the E–X and A–X bands; the line list is suitable for temperatures up to 10 000 K and for wavelengths longer than 140 nm. SiOUVenIR is available from www.exomol.com and the CDS database.

The rovibronic (rotation-vibration-electronic) spectrum of the calcium monohydroxide radical (CaOH) is of interest to studies of exoplanet atmospheres and ultracold molecules. Here, we theoretically investigate the à 2 Π-X 2 Σ + band system of CaOH using high-level ab initio theory and variational nuclear motion calculations. New potential energy surfaces (PESs) are constructed for the X 2 Σ + and à 2 Π electronic states along with Ã-X transition dipole moment surfaces (DMSs). For the ground X 2 Σ + state, a published high-level ab initio PES is empirically refined to all available experimental rovibrational energy levels up to J = 15.5, reproducing the observed term values with a root-mean-square error of 0.06 cm −1 . Large-scale multireference configuration interaction calculations using quintuple-zeta quality basis sets are employed to generate the à 2 Π state PESs and Ã-X DMSs. Variational calculations consider both Renner-Teller and spin-orbit coupling effects, which are essential for a correct description of the spectrum of CaOH. Computed rovibronic energy levels of the à 2 Π state, line list calculations up to J = 125.5, and an analysis of Renner-Teller splittings in the ν 2 bending mode of CaOH are discussed.

No abstract