Biosorption remains one of the most productive and safe technologies that could be received particularly with green algae as biosorbent in the ejection of heavy metals from the effluent. Bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized from Eichorniacrassipies utilizing the mix of both gold chloride and silver nitrate (3:1). Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used in the evaluation of the Nanoparticles. The bimetallic nanoparticles wereutilized as a biosorbent for particular heavy metals (lead, zinc, copper and manganese) present in a pharmaceutical effluent. The nanoparticles were brought into the effluent at various concentrations (1mg, 5mg and 10mg) and time intervals of 24h, 48h and 72h. The decrease in concentration of each metal was determined utilizing Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The synthesis of NPs was affirmed by colour change in the blend from light green to lilac after 5min of incubation. The UV-visible spectroscopy adsorption spectrum for bimetallic nanoparticles of E.crassipes (EC-AuAgNPs) was at 398nm while SEM micrograph shown spherical and cube shaped particles with size ranging from 0.31nm- 1.077nm. The FTIR absorbance peaks were available at 3263.93 (O-H), 2107.11 (-C≡C-), 1631.16 (C═C), 1338 (C-N), and 1034.96 cm−1 (C-O). The most extreme rate decrease acquired for each metal was; Copper (67.25%, 10 mg at 72 h); Zinc (61.13%, 1mg at 72 h); Lead (93.37%, 1 mg at 72 h) and Manganese (69.26, 10 mg at 72 h).The biosorption of heavy metals by EC-AuAgNPs was contact time dependent for all the metals and biosorbent concentration dependent for only copper and manganese.
The indiscriminate release of untreated or poorly treated effluent from industries into the environment is one of major challenge of industrialization. Heavy metals remain of the components of these effluent that has a deleterious effect on both aquatic lives and man who directly or indirectly depends on the aquatic system for survival. The persistent and non-biodegradable nature of heavy metals has required extended attention to materials that have the ability to remove the non-biodegradable metals by adsorption. The potential of Eichorniacrassipes as an adsorbent in removing heavy metals present in pharmaceutical effluent was investigated. The adsorbentwas introduced to the effluent under different concentrations (1, 5 and 10 mg) and contact time (24, 48 and 72 h). The concentration of Manganese, Copper, Lead and Zinc before and after the experiment was measured using Induced Coupled Plasma –Mass Spectrophotometer. The percentage reduction in concentration of each metal was calculated, for manganese, the highest percentage reduction of 61.86 % (1 mg at 24 h), 63.09 % (1 mg at 24 h), 38.99 % (1 mg, 72 h) and 93.37% (10 mg, 48 h) was reported for Manganese, Zinc, Copper and Lead respectively. This work has presented Eichornia crassipiesas a potential adsorbent with high heavy metal removal efficiency.
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