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Our study focused on a retrospective analysis from 2004-2011 of patients considering elective oocyte cryopreservation (OC). We investigated the psychological and social aspects related to women who electively cryopreserve oocytes. Over seven years, consulted patients (n = 315) considering non-medical OC were interviewed by the staff therapists. Social, demographic, motivational impetus, psychological factors and local to national economy were analyzed in association with trends in elective OC. Patient disclosure, fertility assessment and receptivity to potential single motherhood were other aspects examined. Statistical analysis was performed with Student’s t-test, Pearson’s correlation and Chi-square analysis. Advanced technology, decreased age (<35), anual per capita income, levels of follicular stimulant hormone (FSH) and basal antral follicular count (BAFC) were demonstrated to be the most influential factors of elective OC. The mean age of elective OC patients was 38.6 ± 1.83 with nearly 80% of these patients disclosing their decisions either with family and/or friends. Clinical perception has increasingly improved the availability and efficacy of elective oocyte cryopreservation, albeit minimal publications have studied the social and epidemiological aspects of such patients. We identified these patients are often motivated by a key life event such as a birthday, are educated and professional, and often disclose their treatment to close friends and family. Understanding the psychological aspects of egg freezing patients will engender clinicians the ability to meet patients’ needs and appropriately counsel them.

To determine the incidence of immediate complications of elective newborn circumcision in 2 community teaching hospitals. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of all term neonates who had circumcision performed between August 2011 and December 2014 at 2 community hospitals in New York. Neonatal hospital records and subsequent inpatient and outpatient records were reviewed. We classified complications as minor, intermediate, and major. RESULTS: Out of a total of 1115 circumcisions, 1064 met inclusion criteria. There were 41 complications (3.9%), all involving hemorrhage. Sutures were used to control hemorrhage in 3 patients (0.3%). Local pressure or application of hemostatic chemical agents controlled bleeding in the remainder of patients. Bleeding was more common with the use of the Gomco clamp than with the Mogen clamp. Circumcisions performed with Gomco clamp represented 73.2% of the total complications compared with 26.8% with the Mogen clamp. There were no injuries to structures outside the prepuce or problems requiring medical treatment after discharge from the neonatal hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: The most common immediate complication encountered during an elective neonatal circumcision was bleeding that required only pressure or topical thrombin to achieve hemostasis. Bleeding was more common with the use of the Gomco versus the Mogen clamp. To conclude, our data support the theory that elective infant circumcision can be performed safely in a hospital setting.

There have not been any cases published of idiopathic muscular hypertrophy of the gastrointestinal tract in the past 20 years, mainly because it is a very rare condition of unknown aetiology. It is usually asymptomatic and presents mostly in the oesophagus of adult men.Our case involves a 69 year old female that presented with a 6 week history of abdominal discomfort and weight loss. An upper endoscopy showed a blockage at the second portion of the duodenum and the upper gastrointestinal series demonstrated stenosis in the same location. An exploratory laparotomy discovered a mass involving 5 cm of the second portion of the duodenum with wall thickening measuring up to 1.3 cm in thickness. The histological report was muscular hypertrophy with mild eosinophils.This is the first case reported with such a distinctive isolated involvement of the second part of the duodenum.

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