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K E Y W O R D S: Results In nine cycles no oocyte was retrieved (Group A), in seven cycles no fertilization occurred (Group B) and in 30 cycles no implantation occurred (Group C). Six cycles resulted in pregnancy (Group D). There were no statistically significant differences in pulsed and power Doppler indices between these groups. However, the percentage of VFS in the capsule was higher than average in cycles with implantation (19.22 ± 16.82 vs. 12.42 ± 8.89, NS)

The expected pregnancy rate calculated per embryo available on day 2 of cultivation was similar in both groups (23.8 versus 22.2%) and it was not affected by oocyte culture to the blastocyst stage.

Although the incidence of retained surgical items (RSIs) is low, it is nevertheless an important preventable cause of patient injury that can ultimately lead to the patient's death and to subsequent high medical and legal costs. Unintentional RSI is the cause of 70% of re-interventions, with a morbidity of 80% and mortality of 35%. The most common RSIs are sponges or gauze (gossypiboma or textiloma), while retained surgical instruments and needles are rare. Perioperative counting of equipment and materials is the most common method of screening for RSIs, while a diagnosis can later be confirmed by the clinical appearance and by imaging studies. We present a rare case of a 43-year-old patient who was admitted to our hospital because of two retained needles following a cesarean section, despite several subsequent laparotomies. One needle had been removed previously, but in addition to the remaining needle, we also removed a retained gauze. The diagnosis of RSIs is extremely important, and safe surgical practices including the addition of new imaging technologies should be encouraged to detect RSIs.