The anti oxidative effect of administration of 100 mg/kg bw and 200 mg/kg bw of the flower powder of Cassia auriculata (CFP) for 45 days to normoglycemic and diabetic rats (streptozotocin induced) was studied. Anti oxidative effect was not observed in normoglycemic rats in the experiment. There was significant (P > 0.05) increase in the level of Thio Barbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS), hydroperoxide and conjugated dienes and significant (P > 0.05) decrease in the catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and in the level of ascorbic acid, vitamin E and reduced glutathione in diabetic rats. The flower powder of Cassia auriculata significantly (P > 0.05) decreased the TBARS, hydroperoxide and conjugated dienes and increased the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and non enzymic anti oxidants (ascorbic acid, vitamin E and reduced glutathione). The antioxidatve effect of 200 mg/kg bw CFP was significantly (P > 0.05) better than 100 mg/kg bw CFP and the reference drugs (tolbutamide and metformin). The mode of action of CFP remains to be elicited.

Background: Leonotis nepetifolia (L.)R.Br. (LN) belonging to Lamiaceae family is a tall erect annual weed native to Southern India and tropical Africa used by tribals and folklore traditions in India for cough, fever, stomach ache, skin ailments, kidney diseases, rheumatism and dysmenorrhoea. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of the traditional dosage form( decoction) as used by the tribals in comparison to a modified dosage form(dry aqueous extract ) of whole plant of LN in experimental animal models. Materials and Methods: Thirty wistar strain albino rats were selected and randomly divided into five groups. Arthritis was induced by Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) and then treated with either the decoction of whole plant of LN or the dry aqueous extract for 30 days.The various parameters like paw volume, ponderal changes, serum biochemical parameters and histopathological changes were assessed. The data was analyzed by employing one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s multiple‘t’ test for unpaired data to determine significant difference between groups at P>0.05. Results: In the present study it was observed that dry aqueous extract form of the test drug is having weak activity against primary oedema whereas decoction form did not show any effect on primary oedema. Both forms of test drug have comparable values as standard drug on 25th day in secondary oedema. Conclusion: The findings suggest the beneficial effect of the drug against chronic inflammation and inhibition of periarthritis and osteogenic activity.

Background: The Global Pandemic Coronavirus disease, was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan and in March 11, 2020, got declared as global pandemic by  World Health Organisation (WHO) . The morbidity and mortality of the disease have been rising with second wave of pandemic hitting worldwide. Objectives: To study the clinical profile of children under 18 years of age with COVID-19 infection and to study the IgG antibody response in covid infected children. Materials and Methods: Children under 18 years of age except neonates who had COVID-19 infection and recovered from MMC Covid hospital were included for the study. After discharge blood samples were tested for COVID-19 IgG Antibody using SARS-CoV-2 IgG Reagent Kit 6R86 by Abbott Ireland diagnostics division. Data was entered into Microsoft excel   sheet and statistical analysis done with SPSS VERSION 21. Results: Children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were taken up for the study. Median age in this study was 10 years. All affected   children got infection from their family members. Fever as the presenting symptom were found in 62% children. Ninteen children showed positive IgG antibody  and 2 out of 21 children showed negative IgG antibody level . There is significant association between IgG titre and timing of  antibody testing after infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus Conclusion: Clinical profile and spectrum of COVID-19 infection were similar in all family members. Measures to prevent transmission of infection from family members to children will decrease infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in children. Antibody following infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus will last only for few months, making children susceptible to covid infection again. Vaccination among children is necessary to prevent rapid spread of covid   infection.