Naringin is a flavonoid naturally present in citrus fruits. It is present in orange, grapefruit, lemon and other fruits of citrus family. Naringin is the major cause of bitterness in citrus fruit juices. This flavonoid may cause interference during the citrus fruit juice processing. Naringinase (E.C.3.2.1.40) is an enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of naringin into prunin and then into naringenin, which is non-bitter and tasteless. Naringinase is produced by many microorganisms but the commercial production of this microbial enzyme is still the area of interest. Naringinase is chiefly produced by various fungal strains and it has been reported for elimination of bitter flavour (due to naringin) in citrus fruit juice. Few bacterial sources have also been reported for naringinase. Besides removal of bitterness, naringainase has potent application in enhancement of aroma in wine making. This review focuses over microbial sources, production and applications of naringinase in food industries.
Mobile devices are used extensively by the people for communication, music, entertainment, Internet and social networking. There is a lack of applications, which can be really useful for the professionals to improve their working capabilities. Though mobile phones are used by people living in rural areas, but there are hardly any relevant applications for them to improve their productivity. In this paper, we have proposed and implemented an information system for farmers which can be operated on their mobile phones. The system is developed using Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) to process spatial data and knowledge base. The knowledge base is maintained in the form of ontologies. The system is an effort to fill the gap between farmers and agricultural experts. A farmer can provide inputs related to crops being cultivated and location specific information to get specific suggestions, alerts and recommendations to improve productivity. It will be generated using the knowledge base. Whenever a farmer observes some anomalous behavior for crops or climate, the system is able to generate recommendations based on inputs provided. We have resolved some of the queries as a part of on-going work and results are displayed on an Android based mobile devices for demonstration of the system.
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