Water pollution has become a global problem as various pollutants like heavy metals and toxic chemicals are discharged without prior treatment into the water. With the development of industrial production, a large volume of wastewater containing phenols was discharged into the aquatic environment. Moreover, chemical leakage further increased the emission of phenols into aquatic systems. Phenol and its methylated derivative (cresols) were selected due to their extensive use in industry and ecotoxicity to freshwater and marine organisms. This study focused on the ecotoxicity of phenol and m-cresol on aquatic systems. This paper emphasizes on the determination of 96hr LC 50 value of phenol & m-cresol for the fish, Labeo rohita. The acute toxicity test was performed according to the standard methods in APHA and the value was calculated by probit analysis. The fish specimens were acclimatized in the laboratory conditions for 15 days. The stock solution of phenol & m-cresol was prepared and the fish fingerlings were treated with various concentrations ranging from 1 mg/l to 50 mg/l for 96 hours. The results showed that the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of phenol & mcresol for the fish, Labeo rohita is 3212 & 2957 mg/l. The susceptibility of Labeo rohita to the lethal effect of phenol & m-cresol were dependent on duration as well as on concentration. The mortality of the fishes is directly proportional to the concentration
Silver is a well known antimicrobial agent. It is utilized in many antimicrobial and medication. The Trichoderma and its Metabolites have also been meant for antimicrobial activity against the various bacterial and fungal strain. In the present investigation Nanoparticle of silver is prepared by chemical method, green synthesis using plants and biosynthesis using microbes. Trichoderma secondary metabolite prepared by solvent extraction method from Trichoderma harzianum which act as a capping and reducing agent. The biosynthesised silver Nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and TEM. UV-Vis spectra of silver Nanoparticle and trichoderma extract showed absorption spectra at 420nm & 430 nm respectively while the fused nanoparticle with Trichoderma secondary metabolite showed absorption spectra at 415 nm corresponding to the surface Plasmon resonance of silver Nanoparticle. It was determined the nanoparticle showed absorption spectra at 415 nm and morphology as spherical with size range 8 to 24 nm and providing good antimicrobial activity as Trichoderma silver fused nanoparticle against many microbial strain, so it can be prepared for pharmaceutical approach against the infectious disease caused by clinical pathogenic organisms.
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