Background: Pain is a complex experience consisting of physiological and psychological response to a noxious stimulus. Analgesics like opiates and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used for relieving pain but are associated with various unwanted side effects; therefore this study was conducted by using Origanum vulgare for their analgesic efficacy.Methods: In vivo model used was tail flick method. Origanum vulgare (84 mg/kg p.o) was administered in mice. The analgesic activity was studied by recording the reaction time after administration of the drug at frequent intervals up to 3 hours. The results were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. P-value <0.05 was considered as significant. Pentazocine showed statistically prolongation in the reaction time after 30 min as compared to Origanum vulgare.Results: In tail flick method, pentazocine showed statistically significant increase in the reaction time after 30 min of administration as compared to control group. However, Origanum vulgare in a dose of 84 mg/kg showed significant increase in the reaction time after 30 min of administration as compared to control group. On comparing pentazocine and Origanum vulgare, pentazocine showed highly significant increase in the reaction time after 30 min as compared to Origanum vulgare at 84 mg/kg dose.Conclusions: From the present study, it was concluded that extract of Origanum vulgare exerted analgesic activity in both the models. However, it was less potent than pentazocine. Thus, Origanum vulgare can be used in mild to moderate painful conditions.

Background: Hypolipidemic drugs need to be prescribed lifelong for most of the selected patients, once started. Price variation can lead to huge financial strain on the patients, especially when cost associated issues are not considered by the prescribing medical practitioner. This study was conducted to compare the cost, to the patient, of seven most commonly prescribed preparations of different brands of Rosuvastatin ten milligram, in Kolhapur city.Methods: Authors purchased a strip of 10 capsules each of the seven leading brands of Rosuvastatin ten milligrams. The prices of the strip of 10 capsules of each of the seven chosen brands were compared. Finally, the cost of each of these seven brands for one year, was compared directly as well as using percentages. The data was collected, analysed and presented in tabular forms and figures.Results: The data of the cost of seven different brands of a single hypolipidemic drug, Rosuvastatin ten milligram shows that the cost of the costliest among the seven brands of this drug for one year is almost two times that of the cheapest brand, or in other words almost 200 percent that of the cheapest brand.Conclusions: The cost differences between the cheapest and the costliest brands were substantial. The cost of remaining five brands was dispersed in between these two extremes. India, with a major part of the population being highly concerned about the cost of medications, the prescribing medical practitioner must select the preparation wisely . The most costly preparation of Rosuvastatin ten milligram can substantially add to the financial strain on the patient’s yearly expenses. Thus, Pharmaco economic considerations must be a prime concern while making a decision to prescribe medicines, especially in a country like India.

Background: Antidiabetic drugs have to be taken for life , in majority of the patients. Price differences can lead to huge economic burden on the patients of diabetes, especially when cost considerations are not undertaken by the healthcare provider . This study was aimed to compare the annual cost a patient has to bear , of five different most commonly prescribed brands of nateglinide 60mg and four different brands of Nateglinide 120mg, in Kolhapur city. Methods: Authors purchased a strip of 10 tablets each of four leading brands of Nateglinide 120 miligrams in one city, Kolhapur,India and compared the annual cost of these four brands amonst each other . Then a strip of 10 tablets each of five leading brands of Nateglinide 60 milligrams were bought and the annual cost of these brands were compared between these five brands. These costs were compared directly as well as using percentages. The data was collected, analysed and presented. Results: The data of prices of preparations of five different bnds of a single antidiabetic drug, Nateglinide 60mg and four different brands of Nateglinide 120mg shows that the annual cost of the costliest brand among all the brands of Nateglinide 60mg is almost two times that of the cheapest brand, or it is almost 200 percent that of the cheapest brand and for Nateglinide 120mg the annual cost of costliest brand is also two times that of the cheapest brand or it is almost 200 percent that of the cheapest brand. Conclusions: There was considerable difference in the annual cost among the different brands of the drug. India being a country with majority of the population being highly price sensitive, the prescribing physician must be very careful in selecting the brands of drugs . The costliest preparation of Nateglinide can add to a significant amount on the patient’s annual budget. Thus, in a country like India, Pharmacoeconomics must have an important place while prescribing medicines.

Background: Antiplatelet drugs need to be prescribed lifelong, for most of the selected patients, once started. Price disparity can lead to large financial stress on the patients, especially when cost related aspects are not paid heed to by the prescribing physician. This study was conducted to compare the cost, to the patient, of five most commonly prescribed preparations of different brands of Clopidogrel seventy five milligram, in Kolhapur city.Methods: The present study was undertaken during February 2019 to June 2019. Authors purchased a strip of 10 tablets each of the five leading brands of Clopidogrel seventy five milligram. The prices of the strip of 10 tablets of each of the five chosen brands were compared. Finally, the yearly cost of each of these five different preparations, was compared directly as well as using percentages. The data was collected, analyzed and presented in tabular forms and figures.Results: The data of the cost of five different brands of a single antiplatelet drug, Clopidogrel seventy five milligram shows that the annual cost of the costliest among the five brands of this drug is almost three times that of the cheapest brand, or in other words almost 300 percent that of the cheapest brand.Conclusions: The cost differences between the five brands were not negligible. India, with a major part of the population being very sensitive to the cost of medications, the prescribing physician must select the preparation wisely. The most costly preparation of Clopidogrel can significantly add to the the financial stress on the patient’s yearly expenditure. Thus, Pharmaco economic considerations must take a front seat while making a decision to prescribe medicines, especially in a country like India.

Background: Antihypertensive drugs have to be taken lifelong, after initiation of the treatment. Price variation can lead to huge economic burden on the patients of hypertension, especially when cost considerations are not undertaken by the prescribing physician . This study was undertaken to compare the annual cost , to the patient , of five different most commonly prescribed brands of Telmisartan 40 mg, in Kolhapur city.Methods: Authors purchased a strip of 10 tablets each of the five leading brands in one city, Kolhapur, India, of Telmisartan 40 milligram. The prices of the strip of 10 tablets of each of the five selected brands were compared.  In turn the annual cost of each of these five, was compared directly as well as using percentages. The data was collected, analysed and presented.Results: The data of the cost of the preparations of five different brands of a single antihypertensive drug, Temisartan 40 milligram shows that the annual cost of the costliest among the three brands of this drug is almost three times , that of the cheapest brand, or in other words almost 300 percent that of the cheapest brand.Conclusions: the cost variation amongst the five brands was considerable. India being a country with a major chunk of the population being very price sensitive, the prescribing physician must select the brand carefully. The most costly preparation of Temisartan can significantly add to the burden on the patient’s annual budget. Thus, Pharmacoeconomics must take an important place while prescribing medicines, especially in a country like India.