High-power industrial spotwelding machines make use of transformers that have very high reactive power consumption. Simple reactive power compensation schemes cannot be used however, because of the cyclic nature of the spot welding transformer operating. This paper describes the development of a simple reactive power compensator solution for the spotwelding machines. Focus is also put on the transformer saturation and current transients that can emerge from deployment of such reactive power compensation methods. Fig. 1. Schematic of a spot welding machine.

This paper describes the environmental considerations that have to be taken into account in lifecycle based design and optimization of electrical machines. As the electrical machines and electric motor-drives are the most electrical energy consuming apparatuses, in depth optimization of them during the design process is essential to support energy efficient and environmentally friendly development in electrical engineering and industry processes. Lifecycle based optimization grants a possibility to evaluate a wider range of variables that affect the environment and energy requirements as well as consumption of the machines. An overview of gross energy requirement estimation possibilities and environmental risks through the lifecycle of the machines is presented in the paper.

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