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This article provides an overview of modern methods of anesthesia and perioperative support in oncopulmonology. Literary sources were searched by journal archives, Medline search electronic databaseб and scientometric databases Scopus and Web of Science, also the Cochrane Library for the last 7 years. The main methods of anesthesiological support in thoracic surgery, modern concepts of perioperative management of patients, the basic principles of preventive and multimodal analgesia as components of the protocol of accelerated recovery are considered. The development and introduction of safe and effective methods of patient antinociceptive protection from acute surgical pain in oncopulmonology remain an important problem of anesthesiology.