Today we can’t imagine our life without electricity and technology, transport and television. In the information age, computers, the Internet, cell phones, and smartphones are helpers for everyday needs. However, our environment and comfortable living in it can be detrimental to our health. It is hard to realize the fact that such a global technical breakthrough has hit human health. Exposure to electromagnetic radiation could lead to changes in the structure of nerve cells and blood formulas, deformation of the circulatory system, pathology of the endocrine system, decreased immunity, and so on. Nowadays the development of innovative textiles with electromagnetic radiation shielding is a relevant topic that promotes the creation of a flexible protective screen for the human being and various electronic devices. Textiles themselves do not protect against electromagnetic radiation; however, the textiles can be successfully converted into protective material after changing the raw material composition, creating a new production process, or adapting technologies that can make them electrically conductive. Basic methods of textile producing such as weaving, knitting, non-weaving, or their combination can be used to make electromagnetic shielding fabric. In this study, the knitting on 8-gauge flat-bed machine has been chosen as main technology. The metal wire (stainless steel: 0.12 mm) is used separately or together with 10 × 2 tex cotton yarn. Two sets of samples with different interloopings are produced which differ by steel percentages and positioning in the structures. Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of textile samples (dB) was measured according to ASTM 4935-10 on frequency range 30 MHz–1.5 GHz. It is concluded that the positioning of the metal components in the knitted structure is the main factor determining the shielding ability. The half Milano rib knitted structure demonstrates the highest shielding efficiency.

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Now mankind is exposed to danger of UV-radiation (UVR) for health and it is very important to create reliable ways for protection against it. For UVR impact reducing, various shielding materials are used. Special place are occupied by textile screens. Their advantages: flexibility, ability to form shields of various shapes, etc. One of main requirements to UV-screens is their electro-conductivity. Today various methods of textile materials nano-modification are known (such as evaporation of metals in the electric arc, laser and magnetron sputtering of metals; deposition of nano-particles on the surface of textile materials). Each of methods, as a rule, complicates the technology of textile nano-modification; require high energy costs, lead to different environmental problems, and on synthetic textile materials such treatments cause polymer degradation. The purpose of this work: to elaborate the effective method of textiles modification to receive textiles with high level of protection against UV-radiation. We proposed the method of textile modification in Cu-sulfate solution with Cu-ion reduction for receiving of Cu nano-particles directly in porous textile structure. Textiles modified by using of this method have high degree of ultraviolet waves at wavelengths A (315-400nm) and B (315-280nm). The proposed method is simple, accessible and effective (cheap and accessible reagents; processing may be implemented on the equipment for dyeing).

The problem of human being protecting against UV radiation is becoming more and more significant from year to year and requires urgent solutions. Just UVB causes 50-90% of skin cancer and especially affects children, adolescents and older people. Textile screens are the simplest and most effective means to protect against the negative effects of UV radiation (UVR). Usually, white cotton and linen fabrics are used for summer clothes. However, these materials have a low ultraviolet protective factor (UPF ~ 5). Known developments that relate to the modification of textile materials to protect against UV radiation, suggest the use of dense woven structures; modification with some metals oxides; the use of UV absorbers that are derivats of harmful chemicals (for example, o-hydroxybenzophenones). But these methods do not always provide the sufficiently level of UV protection. In our paper, the effectiveness of vat dyes using to create textile screens for UV protection was investigated. In this study was investigated cotton fabrics dyed with some vat dyes: turquoise, blue, yellow. UVR transmittance studies were performed on optical spectrometer Solar SL40-2 (PSI-Line software). A high pressure discharge lamp DRT-125 was used. As studies have shown, the most effective is a cotton textile screen, dyed with vat blue.