The purpose of this research was the tomographic evaluation of the Mandibular Buccal Shelf (MBS) in orthodontic patients with different vertical growth pattern. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted. Tomographic images of patients aged 14 to 40 years were observed and a database was formed with those that met the inclusion criteria. The sample size was 10 for each group according to vertical growth pattern (hypodivergent, normodivergent and hyperdivergent). Then four zones of frequent insertion of extralveolar mini-screws were selected in the MBS, taking as a reference the mesial and distal roots of the first and second mandibular molar. When comparing the characteristics of MBS between vertical growth patterns, between sexes and hemiarchs, no statistically significant differences were found. However, when the characteristics of MBS were compared according to the reference root, it was found that there were statistically significant differences. The vestibular area to the distal root of the second mandibular molar presented the highest values in terms of angulation, height and thickness. There are no significant differences in the bone characteristics of MBS according to vertical growth patterns, sexes or hemiarchs. Angulation, height and thickness progressively increase from the vestibular bone of the mesial root of the first mandibular molar to the distal root of the second molar.
Objetivo: Comparar la radiografía panorámica (RP) con la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC) para evaluar la relación entre los dientes posteriores y el seno maxilar (SM). Material y métodos: Se analizaron 533 dientes posteriores del maxilar superior en 80 sujetos sometidos a RP y TCHC en el Centro Dental Docente (CDD) de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), durante el periodo 2016-2019. Se realizó un estudio transversal, observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Los datos y las observaciones se registraron en una ficha de datos diseñada para este estudio. Resultados: La relación diente-seno maxilar más frecuente fue la clase 0 (ápice radicular sin contacto con el piso del seno maxilar [PSM]), con predominio del sexo femenino, del rango etario de 48-57 años y en ambos premolares. En la clase 0 se encontró una mayor concordancia entre ambas técnicas de imagen. La RP fue muy precisa para detectar la clase 0 en ambos premolares; sin embargo, mostró una precisión muy pobre para detectar la clase 3 (PSM curvado hacia abajo y ápice por encima del mismo) en todos los tipos de dientes. Conclusiones: Las RP y TCHC presentan baja concordancia en relaciones de clase 3, dado que todos estos casos observados en RP muestran una clasificación menor en TCHC; por lo tanto, la RP es suficiente para proporcionar la verdadera relación entre premolares y SM, pero en el caso de molares es necesaria una TCHC.
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