In this work, MoS 2 /TiO 2 nanoparticles were investigated as a bifunctional catalyst for the conversion of oleic acid to diesel-range hydrocarbons and the removal of carbonaceous deposits on the catalyst surface. The entire series of catalysts with different mass loadings of MoS 2 (5−20 wt %) was synthesized via a solvothermal method. MoS 2 /TiO 2 nanoparticles had a high degree of MoS 2 dispersion on anatase TiO 2 support. The Brunauer− Emmett−Teller analysis reveals a marked increase in the specific surface area of 20 wt % MoS 2 /TiO 2 (171 m 2 g −1 ) compared to bare TiO 2 (121 m 2 g −1 ). For the catalytic conversion of oleic acid, it was found that the fraction of diesel-range hydrocarbons (C17−C18) in liquid products enhanced with increasing MoS 2 mass loading. Moreover, the MoS 2 /TiO 2 catalyst also presented high selectivity toward C18 hydrocarbons. This suggests that hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) was a dominant pathway for the catalytic conversion of oleic acid over MoS 2 /TiO 2 nanoparticles. For the photocatalytic degradation, to clean up the MoS 2 /TiO 2 catalyst after being used for the oleic acid conversion, hence, the photocatalytic removal of carbonaceous deposits on the surface was studied. The results demonstrate that carbonaceous deposits on spent MoS 2 /TiO 2 were removed under UV-light irradiation due to the photodegradation property of the TiO 2 support. Therefore, the active surface of the MoS 2 /TiO 2 catalyst was simply recovered by a facile approach at room temperature.