Common beans are the main source of protein in underdeveloped countries, and nitrogen (N) is one of the nutrients the most limits the productivity of this crop. This study, under field conditions, aimed to: a) determinate through efficiency indices how N is used by 16 cultivars of common beans; and b) classify these cultivars regarding use efficiency and responsivity to N application. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in split-plot scheme, with four replicates. Main plots consisted of 16 cultivars of common beans commercially classified as ‘Carioca type’. Subplots comprised two rates of N: 20 and 120 kg ha-1 applied as top-dressing. The evaluations were number of pods per plant and grains per pod, hundred-grain weight, shoots dry matter at full flowering, straw and grains dry matter at physiological maturity and grain yield. Based on the dry matter and its nutrient contents, the N accumulations were calculated in shoots and grains. The agronomic, physiological, agro-physiological, recovery and use efficiencies of N were calculated. Cultivar BRSMG Uai stands out by agronomic, physiological, recovery and use efficiencies of N. Genotypes BRSMG Uai, BRS FC402, IPR Campos Gerais, IPR Maracanã and TAA Bola Cheia are efficient and responsive to top-dressing N application.
No Brasil, existe uma ampla disponibilidade de cultivares de feijoeiro de vários grupos comerciais. Nesse sentido, estudos para avaliar o potencial produtivo dos genótipos são necessários para a indicação das melhores cultivares aos produtores. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico e qualitativo de cultivares de feijoeiro dos grupos comerciais carioca e especial e indicar os melhores genótipos dentro de cada grupo. O experimento de campo foi conduzido na Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, na safra de inverno de 2017. Foram utilizadas dez cultivares de feijoeiro comum, sendo cinco do grupo comercial carioca: BRS Estilo, BRS MG Majestoso, BRS Ametista, BRS Notável e BRS Cometa e cinco do grupo comercial especial: BRS MG Realce, BRS Embaixador, BRS FC 305, BRS Executivo e BRS Ártico. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (Teste F) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de agrupamento de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Para as características de desempenho agronômico, a cultivar BRS MG Majestoso se destacou dentro do grupo comercial carioca e as cultivares BRS Embaixador e BRS Executivo dentro do grupo comercial especial. Na qualidade dos grãos, se destacaram as cultivares BRS Estilo no grupo comercial carioca e a BRS Embaixador no grupo comercial especial.
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