The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of collagen, elastin, or chitosan biomaterial for bone reconstruction in rats submitted or not to experimental alcoholism. Wistar male rats were divided into eight groups, submitted to chronic alcohol ingestion (G5 to G8) or not (G1 to G4). Nasal bone defects were filled with clot in animals of G1 and G5 and with collagen, elastin, and chitosan grafts in G2/G6, G3/G7, and G4/G8, respectively. Six weeks after, all specimens underwent radiographic, tomographic, and microscopic evaluations. Bone mineral density was lower in the defect area in alcoholic animals compared to the abstainer animals. Bone neoformation was greater in the abstainer groups receiving the elastin membrane and in abstainer and alcoholic rats receiving the chitosan membrane (15.78 ± 1.19, 27.81 ± 0.91, 47.29 ± 0.97, 42.69 ± 1.52, 13.81 ± 1.60, 18.59 ± 1.37, 16.54 ± 0.89, and 37.06 ± 1.17 in G1 to G8, respectively). In conclusion, osteogenesis and bone density were more expressive after the application of the elastin matrix in abstainer animals and of the chitosan matrix in both abstainer and alcoholic animals. Chronic alcohol ingestion resulted in lower bone formation and greater formation of fibrous connective tissue.

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O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a percepção de jovens atletas sobre o envolvimento dos pais, em relação à sua participação na prática do futebol. Aplicou-se o Parental Involvement Sport Questionnaire (PISQ), do tipo Likert, composto por dezenove itens distribuídos em três fatores: Comportamento diretivo; Elogios e compreensão e Envolvimento ativo. Os dados analisados restringiram-se à estatística descritiva, valor de média e desvio padrão. Os dados sugerem escores mais elevados para os fatores "Comportamento diretivo" tanto para a categoria Sub-15 (3,2±1,5) quanto para a Sub-17 (3,0±1,3) e "Elogios e compreensão" na Sub-15 (2,9±1,8) e na Sub-17 (2,6±1,1), respectivamente. Contudo, o resultado obtido no fator "Envolvimento ativo" se apresenta nas categorias Sub-15 (3,0±1,7) e Sub-17 (2,8±0,8) com o menor valor médio. Os resultados, obtidos no presente estudo, corroboram os encontrados na literatura. Os atletas avaliados, em geral, afirmaram receber de seus pais, apoio necessário e controle do seu comportamento durante a prática do futebol. Ao analisar o envolvimento dos pais, em relação ao clube de futebol que seus filhos estão inseridos, os resultados demonstraram baixo comprometimento parental para com os filhos.

The aim of this research was test the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire, performing the translation, adaptation, reliability and exploratory factor analysis in 540 youth Brazilian´s, male, soccer players (13.56±0.98 age). As a quantitative research, we applied the TEOSQ, and LSSPCI, following six steps: 1. Judgment of Referees; 2. Trial Undergraduates; 3. Pilot Study; 4. Instrument Implementation; 5. Concurrent Validation; 6. Test-retest. Reliability (Cronbach's Alpha coefficient), and exploratory factor analysis (rotated matrix-Varimax and Kaiser Normalization), over the descriptive analysis as statistical. The results shows Alpha´s of 0.81 and 0.82 respectively to ego and task orientation; the factors analysis extracted two factors, in which the issues 01, 03, 04, 06, 09 and 11, has a high load factor related to the component 1, connected to ego, and issues 02, 05, 07, 08, 10, 12 and 13, are related to task orientation indicating that all the saturation values were above 0.40 for each factor. The average were 4.22 for task orientation and 2.39 for ego, most of the younger athletes are task oriented demonstrating a significant correlation among the orientations. We conclude that the instrument exhibits good stability and its internal factors relate in for each goal´s orientation, and can be replicated across soccer players.

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive skin depigmentation and the appearance of white patches throughout the body caused by significant apoptosis of epidermal melanocytes. Despite not causing any physical pain, vitiligo can originate several psychosocial disorders, drastically reducing patients’ quality of life. Emerging evidence has shown that vitiligo is associated with several genetic polymorphisms related to auto-reactivity from the immune system to melanocytes. Melanocytes from vitiligo patients suffer from excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by defective mitochondria besides a poor endogenous antioxidant system (EAS). This redox imbalance results in dramatic melanocyte oxidative stress (OS), causing significant damage in proteins, lipid membranes, and DNA. The damaged melanocytes secret damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs), inducing and increasing inflammatory gene expression response that ultimately leads to melanocytes apoptosis. Vitiligo severity has been also associated with increasing the prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) or associated disorders such as insulin resistance and hypercholesterolemia. Thus, suggesting that in genetically predisposed individuals, the environmental context that triggers MetS (i.e., sedentary lifestyle) may also be an important trigger for the development and severity of vitiligo disease. This paper will discuss the relationship between the immune system and epidermal melanocytes and their interplay with the redox system. Based on state-of-the-art evidence from the vitiligo research, physical exercise (PE) immunology, and redox system literature, we will also propose chronic PE as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat and prevent vitiligo disease progression. We will present evidence that chronic PE can change the balance of inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state, improve both EAS and the mitochondrial structure and function (resulting in the decrease of OS). Finally, we will highlight clinically relevant markers that can be analyzed in a new research avenue to test the potential applicability of chronic PE in vitiligo disease.