Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the leading causes of mortality in the world. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery disease in cancer patients is elevated, and it is associated with high mortality. Several mechanisms, such as the proinflammatory and procoagulant states present in cancer patients, may contribute to these scenarios. Oncological therapy can predispose patients to acute thrombosis, accelerated atherosclerosis and coronary spasm. Treatment decisions must be individualized and based on the cancer history and balancing bleeding and thrombosis risks.

In the treatment of atherosclerotic disease patients, the adoption of second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) in percutaneous coronary intervention reduced the occurrence of in-stent restenosis (ISR) and acute stent thrombosis (ST) when compared to bare metal stents and 1st generation DES. However, the permanent encaging of the vessel wall by any of the metallic stents perpetuates the inflammation process and prevents vasomotion in the treated segment. Aiming to overcome this issue, the bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) concept was developed by providing transient vascular radial support to the target segment during the necessary time to heal and disappearing after a period of time. Close to 20 years since BRS technology was first reported, the interventional cardiology field saw the rise and fall of several BRS devices. Although iron-based BRS is an emerging technology, currently, magnesium-alloy resorbable scaffolds devices are supported with the most robust data. This manuscript aims to review the concept of magnesium-based BRS devices, as well as their bioresorption mechanisms and the status of this technology, and the clinical outcomes of patients treated with magnesium BRS and to review the available evidence on iron-based BRS technology.

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