This review presents an overview of electrospun nanomembranes produced from various polymers to filter air pollutants. Air pollutants can be categorised as particulate matter and gaseous pollutants. Both differ from each other in terms of size and chemical composition. Hence, the filter characterisation techniques and capture mechanism also vary. Particulate matter can be effectively captured in nanomembranes, in relation to microfibres, due to its small fibre diameter, small pore size and high specific surface area. Recently, electrospun nanomembranes have been used to filter gaseous pollutants owing to their potential of active surface modification. Different additives which functionalised the nanofibre surface for gaseous pollutant adsorption are also highlighted in this review. The characteristic features of nanofibres influencing the filtration efficiency have been discussed. Furthermore, various research challenges and future trends of electrospun nanomembranes in air filtration have been discussed.

The current urogynecological clinical meshes trigger unfavorable foreign body response which leads to graft failure in the long term. To overcome the present challenge, we applied a tissue engineering strategy using endometrial SUSD2+ mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) with high regenerative properties. This study delves deeper into foreign body response to SUSD2+ eMSC based degradable PLACL/gelatin nanofiber meshes using a mouse model targeted at understanding immunomodulation and mesh integration in the long term. Delivery of cells with nanofiber mesh provides a unique topography that enables entrapment of therapeutic cells for up to 6 weeks that promotes substantial cellular infiltration of host anti-inflammatory macrophages. As a result, degradation rate and tissue integration are highly impacted by eMSCs, revealing an unexpected level of implant integration over 6 weeks in vivo. From a clinical perspective, such immunomodulation may aid in overcoming the current challenges and provide an alternative to an unmet women’s urogynecological health need.

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