Objectives: Convalescent plasma (CP) as a passive source of neutralizing antibodies and immunomodulators is a century-old therapeutic option used for the management of viral diseases. We investigated its effectiveness for the treatment of COVID-19. Design: Open-label, parallel-arm, phase II, multicentre, randomized controlled trial. Setting: Thirty-nine public and private hospitals across India. Participants: Hospitalized, moderately ill confirmed COVID-19 patients (PaO2/FiO2: 200-300 or respiratory rate > 24/min and SpO2 ≤ 93% on room air). Intervention: Participants were randomized to either control (best standard of care (BSC)) or intervention (CP + BSC) arm. Two doses of 200 mL CP was transfused 24 hours apart in the intervention arm. Main Outcome Measure: Composite of progression to severe disease (PaO2/FiO2<100) or all-cause mortality at 28 days post-enrolment. Results: Between 22 nd April to 14 th July 2020, 464 participants were enrolled; 235 and 229 in intervention and control arm, respectively. Composite primary outcome was achieved in 44 (18.7%) participants in the intervention arm and 41 (17.9%) in the control arm [aOR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.67, 1.77]. Mortality was documented in 34 (13.6%) and 31 (14.6%) participants in intervention and control arm, respectively [aOR) 1.06 95% CI: -0.61 to 1.83]. Interpretation: CP was not associated with reduction in mortality or progression to severe COVID-19. This trial has high generalizability and approximates real-life setting of CP therapy in settings with limited laboratory capacity. A priori measurement of neutralizing antibody titres in donors and participants may further clarify the role of CP in management of COVID-19.

Stein-Leventhal syndrome, often known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is a syndrome that affects women's reproductive health. PCOS is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic disorders in women of reproductive age. The etiology of PCOS remains unknown mainly, and the estimation of PCOS burden in a specific geographical location will impact disease control strategies. Hence, this study estimated the pooled prevalence of PCOS in Indian women. Databases such as PubMed, CINHAL, Scopus, and Google Scholar were thoroughly searched. Only those published Indian studies that reported the prevalence of PCOS from 2010 to 2021 and had at least one of the following diagnostic PCOS criteria were included in the systematic review: the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rotterdam's criteria, or/and Androgen Excess Society (AES). MetaXL version 5.3 software was used for data analysis. The risk of bias was assessed using modified Joanna Briggs Institute criteria for cross-sectional studies. Out of 17132 articles, 11 articles were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of PCOS was 11.33(7.69-15.59) using the random effect. The proportion of Hirsute using the Ferriman-Gallwey score was highly variable, ranging from 1.6% to 37.9% (n=6). The prevalence rate of PCOS is high among Indian women. The pooled prevalence of PCOS was close to 10% using Rotterdam's criteria and AES criteria, while it was 5.8% using NIH criteria. The study's overall finding emphasizes the need for more acceptable and uniform diagnostic criteria for screening PCOS. At the same time, policy-makers should consider giving more importance to PCOS in their effort to control non-communicable diseases.

Background: WHO defines "Healthy Ageing" as the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables well-being in older age. The population among the elderly is growing constantly and with increased life expectancy, there is a tremendous increase in morbidity and disability. MCI is an intermediate stage between dementia and cognitive decline in normal individuals. It is important to understand various factors associated with MCI to develop preventive strategies. Objectives: To find out the prevalence and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment among the elderly in Guwahati, Assam. Settings and Design: A communitybased, cross-sectional study was conducted in Guwahati City. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among the elderly of 60 years or above of both the sexes in Guwahati City. Considering p=14.89%, sample size was calculated as 576 elderly. Fifty percent of the total wards i.e. 16 wards were selected randomly and 36 elderly were selected from each ward. The data were collected using a predesigned and pretested schedule, Hindi Mini-Mental State Examination (HMMSE) scale for mild cognitive impairment, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) of Katz Index and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) of Lawton Index for functional status. Results: The prevalence of MCI was 24.2%. The risk factors like gender, living arrangement, education, alcohol consumption, constipation, sleep disturbance were associated with mild cognitive impairment on binary logistic regression. Conclusion: A very high prevalence of MCI was found among the elderly. Various modifiable risk factors like living arrangement, education, alcohol consumption, sleep disturbance and depression were found to be associated with MCI and it can be targeted to prevent MCI.

Background: Systematic reviews have proved that there is a high rate of depression among medical students when compared with their age-matched peers. Very few studies have evaluated the pooled prevalence of depression among medical students in India.Objectives: To determine the pooled prevalence of depression among medical students in India.Materials and methods: This review was done by searching databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for available original articles published between 2019 and 2022 on depression among Indian medical (MBBS) undergraduate students using PRISMA guidelines.Results: A total of 19 original research articles were included in this review, involving students at different medical colleges from various regions of India. The pooled prevalence of depression among 5944 medical students was 50.0% (95% CI: (31%-70%)) based on the random effect model. This meta-analysis also found that the pooled prevalence of depression among females (pooled prevalence: 38.0%, 95% CI: 20.0 to 58.0) was slightly higher than among males (pooled prevalence: 34.0%, 95% CI: 15.0 to 55.0). Conclusion:The high prevalence of depression among medical students demands regular screening for depression along with counselling services. It shows that there is a need to raise awareness among students and other stakeholders, such as parents and medical educators, concerning symptoms and signs of depression among medical students.

BackgroundAs of November 14, 2021, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 has affected more than 3,44,00,000 individuals in India and resulted in more than 4,60,000 deaths in India. Symptoms of COVID-19 include cough, fever, dyspnea, diarrhea, fatigue, expectoration, myalgia, hemoptysis, abdominal pain, and anorexia. Associated comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular illness, and respiratory sicknesses influence the severity and prognosis of the COVID-19. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the factors associated with the severity and outcome of elderly Indian people diagnosed with COVID-19. MethodologyThis hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among elderly patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to