The current COVID-19 epidemic caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 has severely harmed global healthcare (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus). COVID-19's pulmonary and cardiovascular effects have been known from its inception, but its causes, mechanisms, and neuropath logical consequences remain unknown. Our research focused on neurological problems in COVID-19 patients, as well as probable SARS-CoV-2 infection routes like hematogenous, direct/neuronal, lymphatic tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, or infiltration by infected immune cells. Late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, a mysterious viral pneumonia struck. The disease was caused by a new corona virus. Corona virus infection spread rapidly from person to person in 2019. The WHO has called it a global public health emergency (WHO). Activation of NF-B in SARS-CoV-2 infection may be linked to immune cell pathogenicity, cytokine storms, and multi-organ failure. COVID-19's inhibition of the NF-B signaling pathway shows promising therapeutically. Inhibiting IKK phosphorylation, a critical downstream consequence of the NF-B signaling cascade, reduces COVID-19 levels. All three disorders have been linked to COVID-19 gene mutations. This study provides a biological basis for future research on COVID-19-related neurological disease. W

Inhalational drugs often suffer from low pulmonary deposition due to their micronized size. Aim of present study was development and evaluation of a novel submicronic L-arginine respiratory fluid formulation for treatment of cardiopulmonary complications associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). Objectives were (a) to develop and characterize submicronic L-arginine respiratory fluid formulation, (b) pre-clinical safety/toxicity study in 2-animal species, (c) in vitro and in vivo evaluation in terms of respiratory fraction, and (d) clinical study to assess safety/efficacy in healthy volunteers/COPD patients. Formulation was optimized on the basis of particle size of aerosolized medication with particle size in the range of 400-500 nm. Anderson cascade impaction (ACI) studies were performed to validate the advantage in terms of respirable fraction, which indicated a high respirable fraction (51.61 ± 3.28) for the developed formulation. In vivo pulmonary deposition pattern of optimized formulation was studied using gamma scintigraphy in human volunteers using (99m)Tc-arginine as radiotracer. It clearly demonstrated a significant pulmonary deposition of the submicronic formulation in various lung compartments. Efficacy of the developed formulation was further assessed in COPD patients (n = 15) by evaluating its effect on various cardiopulmonary parameters (spirometry, pulse-oxymetry, echocardiography and 6-min walk test). A marked improvement was seen in patients after inhalation of submicronic arginine in terms of their cardiopulmonary status. Results suggest that submicronic arginine respiratory fluid has the potential to be developed into an attractive therapeutic option for treating COPD associated cardiopulmonary complications.