Previous literature suggests that women evidence more bilateral cerebral organization, particularly in language processing, whereas men show greater left hemisphere dominance for language. This study examined the magnitude of these gender differences in a lateralized lexical decision task and the implications of such differences to semantic processing and cerebral organization. As predicted, women, as compared to men, recruited greater bilateral hemispheric resources, as evidenced by greater contralateral hemispheric priming. Spatial skills predicted less priming in women, but not in men. Implications for laterality research in aging populations as well as future directions are discussed.