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Since layers are components of a three-dimensional structure, the very process of cutting layers can directly affect the surface finish and mechanical properties of the structure, which are the two main disadvantages of FDM. In this regard, the study of different slicing algorithms can deepen the understanding of problems and gaps in FDM, which will help improve the quality of 3D printed building objects. Cutting algorithms developed for FDM technology are divided into two main groups: planar and non-planar. Complex algorithmic calculations are required to enable the printer to deploy multi-axis plane and non-plane, which is a drawback of these advanced methods. The article discusses the basic principles of slicing and conditionally outlines the possible difficulties that arise during the implementation of FDM technology, and also describes in detail the structure of the STL format file in binary and ASCII (English American standard code for information interchange) formats. The general characteristics and limitations of the STL file format were studied. The description of methods of classic slicing of the model and the mechanisms of implementation of more specific tasks are given. Current challenges and promising solutions to the problem are presented.

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