The aim of the study was to investigate volatile compounds from the aerial parts of Dianthus acicularis of the genus Dianthus of the family Caryophyllaceae grown wild in Northern Kazakhstan for the first time. D. acicularis is a typical Trans-Volga-Kazakhstani endemic. D. acicularis has high resistance to the bacterial wilt, a serious disease caused by Burkholderia caryophylli. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the specimens of the essential oils were analysed by the method of GC-MS. The main constituents of D. acicularis essential oil were methyl ketones - 2-pentadecanone (26.9-32.2%) and 2-tridecanone (4.7-17.7%), identified for the first time in the Dianthus genus. The methyl ketone activity provides protection of the plants from herbivores and fungal pathogens. One can suppose that the presence of 2-pentadecanone and 2-tridecanone in the essential oil of carnation coniferous provides its resistance to different insects and pathogens, including the resistance to the bacterial wilt.

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The aim of the study was to investigate volatile compounds from the aerial parts of Viola canina L. of the family Violaceae grown wild in Northern Kazakhstan for the first time. Viola canina is a common and widespread species of the temperate northern hemisphere. The oil from the aerial parts of V. canina, was obtained by hydrodistillation and investigated by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. The main component of V. canina essential oil was phytol (55.2%). The obtained results showed differences in the composition of already studied Viola essential oils, such as essential oil of V. odorata L., V. etrusca Erben, V. tricolor L., V. arvensis Murr., V. tianshanica Maxim., V. serpens Wall. and V. hamiltoniana D. Don. There is a certain similarity with the composition of the essential oil of V. arvensis where phytol was also found as one of the main component (11.4%).

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Data reflecting the current state of Turanga forests in the South-East of Kazakhstan (within the Almaty region) is presented based on the analysis of forest management (as of 01.01.2020) and field surveys by authors in the period 2015-2020. It was found that stunted, understocked stands, which are mainly mature and over-mature in terms of age composition dominate. By the species composition of the stand is prevailed by pure plantings or with a slight admixture of Elaeagnus oxycarpa. Natural regeneration in the form of creeping-rooted specimens was observed only in some small areas, which characterizes the plantings as unstable. Rare, relict and endemic species of trees and shrubs are noted in the composition of the flora of the Turanga forests, their phytocoenotic indexes and practical significance are evaluated. Turanga woodlands need special protection, because these forests have a great environment-forming, soil-fixing, and reclamation value, i.e., they generally stabilize the ecological situation in the floodplains of rivers in arid regions. The main factors of anthropogenic impact on the Turanga forests of the region are shown: changes of the hydrological regime in the Ili River valley, recreation (increasing the road and path network, trampling the soil, setting up campfires), as well as grazing. Proposals are made to improve the protection of these relict forests and an analysis of ways to preserve individual floral elements based on clonal micropropagation methods is given.