The work presents the assessment of unaccounted withdrawal of fluvial anadromous and river fish species in the inland fisheries of the Astrakhan region, which is composed of despoliations of commercial catches, poaching and amateur fishing. Methodology decisions that are developed at the CaspNIRKh were the calculation basis of the unaccounted fishing withdrawal and assessment of the impact of amateur fishing on the aquatic bio-resources. The article shows the evaluation method of volumes of poaching fish withdrawal. It is found that the main objects of the unaccounted withdrawal were more valuable fishing species (roach, pike perch, catfish, carp, bream, and pike). The despoliation of commercial catches made 28% on the average. One year minimum poaching fish withdrawal in the region, using the example of 2015, was 7.94 thousands of tones and 19% from commercial catch, and 20-30% of fish catching, harvested by the amateur fishing. The work presents the pressing of unaccounted withdrawal of fluvial anadromous and river fish species on stocks. On the back of decrease of stocks and commercial catches of fluvial anadromous and river fish species, development scales of all directions of unaccounted withdrawal in the Astrakhan region disturb all preconditions for reconstruction and growth of fish number.

In recent years, the state of the Caspian roach reserves has been repeatedly discussed at different levels and sites. The number of this species is declining, catches are falling. Based on the instructions of the Volga-Caspian Scientific and Commercial Council of the Volga-Caspian Fisheries Basin, a draft comprehensive program for the conservation and restoration of roach stocks is being developed, in which it is planned to consider the imposed restrictions on fishing, the possibility of artificial reproduction, the need for in-depth monitoring of the population. Observing negative trends for a number of years, understanding the social significance of the species, immediate emergency measures are needed to preserve and restore the Caspian roach in order to avoid its loss.

Показана оценка критического уровня размера популяции северокаспийской воблы, рассчитанная на основе ретроспективного анализа динамики урожайности поколений и популяционной плодовитости. Минимально допустимая величина нерестового стада воблы соответствует численности рыб, при которой популяционная плодовитость в условиях хорошей водности р. Волга обеспечивает на перспективу появление среднеурожайных и высокоурожайных поколений. Ключевые слова: северокаспийская вобла, Rutilus rutilus caspicus, Волго-Каспийский бассейн, урожайность поколения, популяционная плодовитость, численность и биомасса запаса, критический уровень запаса.

The article shows the assessment of fishing conditions of roach catches (the number of fishing grounds, fishing gears, catches, catches per unit of fishing effort, fishing intensity, etc.) at the main fishery objects of the Volga delta. There has been made the analysis of structure of size and gender composition of roach from commercial and amateur catches. The results have shown a depression of the population with negative dynamics in future. There have been determined main negative factors affecting the state of roach stock: unfavorable hydrological regime, incoordination in terms of commercial and amateur catches, limits of catch and size. In such circumstances the major purpose is to create a fishing regime, when maximum pass of fish spawners to spawning grounds is provided. The article proposes organizing a special regime of fishing roach with the aim to introduce additional limitations to the commercial fish catch, the main point of which is a transition from fine-meshed seines to medium-meshed seines in the day, when the water level in the Astrakhan region achieves an index mark as 350 cm. This measure will allow assuring a maximum pass of roach spawners to spawning grounds. A similar interdiction must be valid for amateur fishing. It should be noted that this interdiction is a provisional measure allowing to preserve and reproduce roach population.

The age, size, weight and sex structure of the population of pike perch foraging near the Dagestan coast of the Caspian Sea is shown. The significance of the studied sites for foraging migrations of pike perch is noted. he analysis of the biological indicators of the pike perch showed that the pike perch of the Tersk-Caspian region is an integral part of a single Volga population, going to spawn both in the rivers of the Dagestan coast (Terek river, Sulak river, etc.) and in the rivers flowing into the northern part of the Caspian Sea (Volga River, Ural River).