This work studied the adsorption kinetics of methylene blue dye on low cost ceramic membranes with tailings characterized from the Bayer process. For this, flat circular membranes were made. The proportions used in the preparation were 35/65 and 50/50 (%, m/m), Red Mud (LV)/Clay (AGL), respectively. The specimens were calcined at three different temperatures (900 C, 950 C and 1000 C). The physical properties of the membranes studied were: Water Absorption (AA), Apparent Porosity (PA), Apparent Density (DA), Linear Shrinkage (RL) and Hydraulic Permeability, as a function of the influence of the sintering temperature in each composition variation. The experimental data of adsorption kinetics were analyzed using pseudo-first, pseudo-second order and Elovich models. From the range studied in the method, it is possible to confirm that the greatest response was using the 65A/35LV membrane at 950C. The study of the kinetic model showed that the model that comes closest to the experimental data is Elovich's.

Currently, the most used adsorbent is activated carbon. However, its application can be expensive. One technique that may be economically viable is biosorption, which uses biomass (biosorbent) to remove pollutants. From this perspective, the main objective of this research was to develop an adsorbent material consisting of Microbial Cellulose (CM), analyzing the feasibility of using waste from aa production to remove copper ions present in synthetic effluents. Initially, preliminary tests were carried out on the feasibility of production and possible adsorption, including a predictive molecular coupling simulation; then, tests of the influence of temperature on the cultivation of CM (20C, 30C, 40C) were carried out, kinetic tests were carried out to define the adsorption models, varying:Humid Base (HB); Dry Base (DB); granulated, mass ratio MCM/Mcu+2 (20, 35, 50) and pH (2, 4, 6) in biosorption. Characterizations were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ethanol infiltration method (Porosity). In all kinetic runs, it was possible to obtain a percentage of removal, in addition, it was evidenced that the optimal parameter of cultivation is at 30C, obtaining a considerable amount of mass and porosity, in addition, the structural form of economically viable use was defined HB and pH 2 in the adsorption solution, obtaining a copper ion removal performance of 64.95%, whose experimental data were better adjusted to the Elovich model. With the results found in this research, , it can be stated that the CM presents appropriate characteristics for the copper adsorption process and that it can be an alternative to classic effluent treatment processes.

This research presents the development and characterization of ceramic membranes from a mixture of Red Mud and Clay. Characterized as for the Apparent Porosity (AP), Water Absorption (WA), Linear Retraction (LR), Apparent Density (AD), Pore Distribution, Hydraulic Permeability and Rejection to a solute of interest. XRD, SEM / EDS, and Rietveld Technique were used to characterize the raw materials. The composition L35A65 shows the best results, with WA = 29.55 ± 0.2, AP = 44.72 ± 0.62, AD = 1.5 ± 0.01, LR =1.67 ± 0.0, mean diameter of pores equal to 0.418µm and hydraulic permeability, Lp = 721.4 Lh/m2.bar. The rejection for yeasts was 99.9% and for starch was 96.8%.