One of the major public health problems today is overweight. Obesity is already known to be an important risk factor for several chronic noncommunicable diseases, which are allocated among endocrine-metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neoplasms¹. The World Health Organization released in its World Obesity Report 2022 a projection in which it estimates that by 2030 the world will go through an obesity epidemic and Brazil will have 7.7 million obese children, and it also estimates that about 23% of children aged 5 to 9 years and 18% of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years will be affected by this disease. Regarding cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension also constitutes one of the most important risk factors that induce these conditions. Currently, with the mandatory measurement of BP starting at three years of age or even earlier in the presence of risk factors for children, there is an increase in blood pressure levels in the pediatric age group, raising a warning sign for global health, since it can be a marker of the onset of target organ damage. Overweight is a significant predictor of high BP in this population, besides obesity being a known important risk factor for the acquisition of cardiovascular diseases.

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Introduction: With the widespread adoption of mammographic screening for breast cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has been detected more frequently. In developing countries, the prevalence of ductal carcinoma in situ is low due to the opportunistic nature of breast cancer screening. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence rate in a cohort of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ in Brazil. Methods: This study was an retrospective analysis of all 1,736 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer treated at a reference public hospital between 1999 and 2013. All data were collected from medical records and the descriptive statistics were performed to characterize the clinical and pathological features. Results: In the present cohort, we identified 102 (5.2%) patients with non-invasive breast neoplasms. Mean age at diagnosis was 54±12.7 years and most patients were treated with breast conserving surgery. There is a strong association between nuclear grade and the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in ductal carcinoma in situ. Ipsilateral and contralateral recurrence rates in 10 years were 7.2% and 2%, respectively. Conclusion: The pathological features of ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed in Brazil are similar to those observed in patients diagnosed in countries following a systematic screening program, and the treatment in our patients achieves similar success compared with published data in high-income countries.