Data on species composition, richness, and density are presented for the leaf litter frog assemblage of an area of Atlantic Rainforest at the Serra dos Órgãos mountain range, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Three sampling methods were used: plot sampling, visual encounter surveys, and pitfall traps. The local assemblage of leaf litter frogs was composed of 16 species, with the direct-developing species, Euparkerella brasiliensis (Parker, 1926), being the most abundant. The estimated density of the local leaf litter frog assemblage based on plot sampling was 17.1 ind/100 m² and the estimated overall leaf litter frog mass was 684.2 g/ha. The estimated density of leaf litter frogs at the present study is the highest currently reported for Atlantic Rainforest areas, which reinforces the idea of higher densities of leaf litter frogs in the Neotropical Region compared to the Old World tropics

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is one of the richest and most threatened biomes on Earth. In the state of Rio de Janeiro it is presently reduced to less than 20% of its original extension, and faunal lists are needed for several areas. Here we present a species list of amphibians and reptiles for the Estação Ecológica Estadual do Paraíso (EEEP), a forest reserve located in the central portion of Rio de Janeiro state. The list is based on both primary (gathered during a short-term survey by the authors) and secondary data (obtained from a local reference collection). A total of 30 amphibian (of which six are endemic to the state) and 29 reptile species were recorded from the area (of which 25 and 13, respectively, were obtained by primary data). No threatened or presumably threatened species were present among the herpetofauna of the EEEP.

We studied the herpetofaunal community from the Atlantic forest of Morro São João, in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and present data on species composition, richness, relative abundance and densities. We combined three sampling methods: plot sampling, visual encounter surveys and pit-fall traps. We recorded sixteen species of amphibians and nine of reptiles. The estimated densities (based on results of plot sampling) were 4.5 ind/100 m 2 for amphibians and 0.8 ind/100 m 2 for lizards, and the overall density (amphibians and lizards) was 5.3 ind/100 m 2 . For amphibians, Eleutherodactylus and Scinax were the most speciose genera with three species each, and Eleutherodactylus binotatus was the most abundant species (mean density of 3.0 frogs/100 m 2 ). The reptile community of Morro São João was dominated by species of the families Gekkonidae and Gymnophtalmidae (Lacertilia) and Colubridae (Serpentes). The gymnophtalmid lizard Leposoma scincoides was the most abundant reptile species (mean density of 0.3 ind/100 m 2 ). We compare densities obtained in our study data with those of other studied rainforest sites in various tropical regions of the world.

We carried out a study on the anurofaunal community from an Atlantic Forest fragment (Monte Verde mountains) and the surrounding area in Cambuci municipality, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, which constitutes one of the largest fragments remaining in the largely deforested landscape of the northern portion of the State. We combined three sampling methods: plot sampling, transects and pit-fall traps. We recorded twenty species of amphibians, of which only eleven were found within the forest fragment (and five of these also occurred in the surrounding matrix). Two of the species recorded in the present study (Crossodactylus sp. and Ischnocnema cf. parva) may represent undescribed taxa. Our records expand the distribution range of one species (Scinax trapicheiroi) to the north, and fill a geographic distribution gap for another one (Ischnocnema oea). The estimated overall density of frogs living in the leaf litter of the fragment (based on results of plot sampling) was 3.1 individuals/100 m², with Haddadus binotatus being the most abundant species (2.4 individuals/100 m²). Comparisons of our data with those of other studies suggest that anuran communities in forest fragments ca. 1,000 ha or smaller may be severely limited in their richness, and often include a large proportion of species tolerant to open areas, such as many hylids. Our results show the importance of increasing knowledge about the anurofaunal community of the northern portion of the State of Rio de Janeiro and preserve the forest remnants that still exist in the region.

Species inventories are useful tools to improve conservation strategies, especially in highly threatened biomes such as the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Here we present a species list of amphibians and reptiles for the Reserva Ecoló gica de Guapiaçu (REGUA), a forest reserve located in the central portion of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. The list results from an extensive sampling effort that lasted ten years. A total of 73 amphibian (of which ten are endemic to the state) and 37 reptile species was recorded from the area. Five amphibian species are presently categorized by the IUCN as ''data-deficient'', two as ''near threatened'' and one as ''endangered'', whereas one reptile species is categorized as ''vulnerable''. Our results showed that REGUA harbors about one-third of the herpetofauna species presently known to occur in state of Rio de Janeiro, adding more information to previously published lists of amphibians and reptiles from localities within the Serra dos Ó rgã os region, and highlighting the importance of this area for conservation of amphibians and reptiles of the Atlantic Forest. Keywords: amphibians, Atlantic Forest, conservation, hotspot, reptiles.ALMEIDA-GOMES, M., SIQUEIRA, C.C., BORGES-JÚ NIOR, V.N.T., VRCIBRADIC, D., FUSINATTO, L.A., ROCHA, C.F.D. Herpetofauna da Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu (REGUA) e das áreas do entorno, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/1676-0603007813Resumo: Inventá rios de espécies constituem importantes subsídios para melhorar as estratégias de conservaçã o, especialmente em biomas altamente ameaçados como a Mata Atlâ ntica brasileira. Aqui, nó s apresentamos uma lista de anfíbios e répteis para a Reserva Ecoló gica de Guapiaçu (REGUA), uma reserva florestal localizada na porçã o central do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A lista é baseada em um esforço de amostragem extensivo de dez anos de duraçã o. Um total de 73 espécies de anfíbios (das quais dez sã o endêmicas ao estado) e 37 espécies de répteis foi registrado na á rea. Cinco das espécies de anfíbios estã o atualmente categorizadas pela IUCN como ''deficiente em dados'', duas como ''quase ameaçadas'' e uma como ''em perigo'', enquanto uma espécie de réptil está categorizada como ''vulnerá vel''. Nossos resultados mostram que a regiã o da REGUA abriga cerca de um terço da herpetofauna atualmente conhecida para o estado do Rio de Janeiro, adicionando mais espécies em relaçã o a listas de espécies anfíbios e répteis previamente publicadas para localidades na regiã o da Serra dos Ó rgã os e enfatizando a importâ ncia desta á rea para a conservaçã o dos anfíbios e répteis da Mata Atlâ ntica.