The results demonstrate equivalent success rates and patient morbidity for the two management options but a significantly shorter hospital stay with the single-stage laparoscopic treatment. The findings indicate that in fit patients (ASA I and II), single-stage laparoscopic treatment is the better option, and preoperative ESE should be confined to poor-risk patients-i.e., those with cholangitis or severe pancreatitis.

These preliminary findings indicate equivalent success rates and patient morbidity between the two management options but a shorter hospital stay (cost benefit) with the single stage laparoscopic treatment. Trans-cystic duct extraction is a more benign procedure than laparoscopic supraduodenal CBD exploration and is accompanied by a significantly shorter hospital stay. The higher incidence of conversion in the single stage laparoscopic group compared to the two-stage arm is due to the preference for open common duct exploration when the laparoscopic attempt failed by the majority of participating surgeons. The results to-date suggest that in fit patients, single stage laparoscopic treatment is the better option and the role of ESE should change to selective use in those patients in whom laparoscopic ductal stone extraction has failed.

This paper presents a comparative analysis of teaching methods that use the contextualization and the didactic game in learning organic functions, having drugs as theme generator. The methodology adopted consisted in ministering class lectures on organic functions differently in two classes of third year of high school. In class A, was given a contextualized lesson, highlighting the effects of drugs and chemical structures. In class B, the lesson had a traditional methodology followed by the application of a didactic game entitled MEMOQUÍMICA. The evaluation was conducted through questionnaire to analyze the acceptance of the methodology and verification of the degree of content learning. The results showed that most students, in the two classes, said the methodology facilitated the understanding of the subject matter discussed and classified it as great, and that the MEMOQUÍMICA game can be considered a tool in pedagogical practice.

Recent developments in computer and internet technology have resulted in many education reforms. Classrooms have been equipped to allow technological advances. Yet these rapid technological developments have not been accompanied by teachers' education. The migration of teachers' traditional resources to "digital" students is not always achieved. In this context, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is powerful technology to enhance the teaching and learning of several subjects, promotion of interdisciplinary approaches, and combination of research and online maps to motivate students to learn. In this article, Portugal's territory GIS education context is analysed along with an experience with primary students.

Rev. Virtual Quim. |Vol 5| |No. 5| |944-958| 944 Artigo A Formação do Licenciado em Química na UFC Discutida nas Modalidades Ensino à Distância e Presencial Ribeiro, V. G. P.;* Clemente, C. S.; Maia, F. J. N.; Dias Filho, F. A.; Mazzetto, S. E. Rev. Virtual Quim., 2013, 5 (5), 944-958. Data de publicação na Web: 23 de agosto de 2013Abstract: Currently, distance learning is being adopted strategically to expand higher education in the country, that in addition to reduce geographical boundaries, eases studies. This paper describes the first overview of the Chemistry course offered by the Federal University of Ceará (UFC) in the distance education model, after four years of existence, seeking to assess its evolution, the profile and the degree of student satisfaction. A comparison with its analogue in presential modality also part of the scope of work within feasible criteria of comparison. Initially, a questionnaire was applied with students who were enrolled in the virtual learning system. The data obtained in this study were compared with data obtained from the coordination of the degree course of Chemistry presential. The results showed that in the profile of the distance course prevails older students, from public school and workers. In both of modalities, students have declared to be satisfied with the progress of course, despite challenges encountered. ResumoAtualmente, o Ensino à Distância vem sendo adotado estrategicamente para expandir o ensino superior no país, que além de reduzir limites geográficos, flexibiliza os estudos. O presente trabalho descreve o primeiro panorama do curso de Licenciatura em Química Semipresencial da UFC, após quatro anos de existência, buscando avaliar sua evolução, o perfil e o grau de satisfação dos alunos. Uma comparação com seu análogo na modalidade presencial também fez parte do escopo do trabalho, dentro de critérios factíveis de comparação. Inicialmente, foi aplicado um questionário com os estudantes matriculados no sistema online de aprendizagem. Os dados obtidos neste estudo foram comparados com os dados obtidos junto à coordenação do Curso de Licenciatura em Química presencial. Os resultados mostraram que no perfil do curso à distância prevalecem alunos mais velhos, da escola pública e profissionalmente ativos. Em ambas as modalidades, os estudantes declararam-se satisfeitos com o andamento do curso, apesar dos desafios encontrados. Palavras-chave: