original version)) (LIGO document number: LIGO-P1600279-v7) For a brief moment, a binary black hole (BBH) merger can be the most powerful astrophysical event in the visible Universe. Here we present a model fit for this gravitational-wave peak luminosity of nonprecessing quasicircular BBH systems as a function of the masses and spins of the component black holes, based on numerical relativity (NR) simulations and the hierarchical fitting approach introduced by X. Jiménez Forteza et al. [Phys. Rev. D 95, 064024 (2017)]. This fit improves over previous results in accuracy and parameterspace coverage and can be used to infer posterior distributions for the peak luminosity of future astrophysical signals like GW150914 and GW151226. The model is calibrated to the ≤ 6 modes of 378 nonprecessing NR simulations up to mass ratios of 18 and dimensionless spin magnitudes up to 0.995, and includes unequalspin effects. We also constrain the fit to perturbative numerical results for large mass ratios. Studies of key contributions to the uncertainty in NR peak luminosities, such as (i) mode selection, (ii) finite resolution, (iii) finite extraction radius, and (iv) different methods for converting NR waveforms to luminosity, allow us to use NR simulations from four different codes as a homogeneous calibration set. This study of systematic fits to combined NR and large-mass-ratio data, including higher modes, also paves the way for improved inspiralmerger-ringdown waveform models. published journal version:Phsyical Review D 96, 024006 (2017) Though this peak luminosity, L peak , is not electromagnetic, but gravitational, we can compare its numerical value to the photon luminosity of other astrophysical sources to illustrate its scale: GW150914 at its peak emitted as much power as ∼10 23 suns, 10 11 times more than all stars in the Milky Way, and still 60-90 times more than the ultra-luminous gamma-ray burst GRB 110918A [8]. 1 The peak luminosities for LIGO's first BBH events were inferred using a fit [9] to data from numerical relativity (NR) simulations, which we will improve upon in this paper through an enhanced fitting method and a significantly larger calibration data set. Source parameters of GW events are determined through Bayesian inference [5,6,[10][11][12], comparing LIGO data with waveform models, which are approxi-1 Assuming L = 3.8 × 10 33 erg/s, L MW = 2 × 10 11 L and the GRB's estimated peak isotropic equivalent luminosity of (4.7±0.2)×10 54 erg/s [8].

Introduction: Upper endoscopy, also referred to as Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), is performed by passing a ­flexible endoscope through the mouth into the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. The gut is accessible with endoscopy, which can diagnose causes of pain, nausea and vomiting, bleeding, weight loss, altered bowel function, and fever1 . Aims and Objectives: To study indications and findings of patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, to make association of endoscopic findings in these patients presenting with different upper GI symptoms and to document the demographics of subjects undergoing upper GI endoscopy at a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective observational study carried out at the Department of Medicine at Dr Vasantrao Pawar Medical College and Hospital, with due permission from the ethics committee for the period of August 2017 to November 2019. All the patients who were found with upper GI symptoms and underwent endoscopy after giving informed consent were included in the study. Total of 136 patients presenting with upper GI symptoms fulfilling the criteria were included in the study and their endoscopic findings were associated. Results: Out of total 136 patients, maximum number of the patients belonged to 51-60 years age group (21.3%). There was male preponderance (61.8% were male 38.2% were female). The most common GI symptom was hemetemesis/malena (40.4%) followed by nausea/vomiting (27.9%). Esophagitis (37%) was the most common endoscopic finding followed by esophageal varices (33%). Out of 45 patients who had esophageal varices 32 (71%) were treated with Endoscopic Variceal Ligation (EVL) and they responded well. Conclusion: Through this study it was concluded that most of the patients presenting with upper GI symptoms were among the elderly age group (51-60 years). Upper GI bleed was the most common symptom and indication for endoscopy followed by nausea/vomiting. The common endoscopic finding among hematemesis/malena patient was esophageal varices and most of them responded well to Endoscopic Variceal Ligation.

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