Muscle health has been established to decline as a function of age. Owing to this age-related deterioration, it has been noted that older adults (65+ years) exhibit less muscle force production capability during gait, different compensatory mechanisms and co-activation patterns in the lower extremity muscles than young adults. It was noted that studies designed to understand age-related gait muscle activity differences have primarily included subjects of young (20 -30 years) and older adults (65+ years) but have failed to consider the middle-age (40 -60 years) group, though muscle strength has been reported to peak and weaken from the fourth decade of life.Footwear features have been noted to positively affect leg muscle activity patterns during gait, thus could be potentially considered as an intervention to improve muscle health in older adults. In the previous studies that advocate footwear's efficacy in improving lower extremity muscle tone, it was noted the subjects were primarily the younger age group. Inconsistency was also noted in the experimental protocol and data comparison methodology.
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