In
process industries, quality variables such as concentrations
and viscosity usually require offline laboratory analysis due to difficulties
associated with online sensing and are often sampled slowly or irregularly
compared to other variables such as temperatures and flow rates. Dynamical
soft sensors, which relate the uniformly fast sampled variables to
irregularly sampled quality variables, are crucial in control and
process monitoring applications. Most identification approaches for
soft sensing assume that all the variables are sampled regularly and
uniformly. The existing auxiliary model (AM)-based approaches for
dealing with irregular sampling suffer from drawbacks such as nonconvex
optimization, lack of model parsimony and require prior information
about the system dynamics. This work addresses a few of these issues
by developing a flexible AM that can accommodate complex linear process
dynamics without assuming any prior knowledge and compromising on
model parsimony by using redundant Laguerre filters and casting the
model learning in the sparse optimization framework. The developed
AM is utilized to efficiently reconstruct the measurements at the
base sampling interval, which further serves as a foreground for the
traditional parametric model identification techniques or the expectation
maximization algorithm to obtain optimal parameter estimates. The
efficacy of the proposed AM-based soft sensor algorithm is demonstrated
through synthetic as well as industrial simulation case studies. Finally,
a few guidelines on effective sampling of quality variables to generate
informative experiments for soft sensor development are also presented.
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