The increase in urbanization and climate change projections point to a worsening of floods and urban river contamination. Cities need to adopt adaptive urban drainage measures capable of mitigating these drivers of change. This study presents a practical methodology for a modular design of bioretention systems incorporating land use and climate change into existing sizing methods. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis for these methods was performed. The methodology was applied to a case study in the city of Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. Three application scales were evaluated: property scale (PS), street scale (SS) and neighborhood scale (NS) for three temporal scenarios: current, 2015–2050 and 2050–2100. The choice of the sizing method was the factor with greatest influence on the final bioretention performance, as it considerably affected the surface areas designed, followed by the hydraulic conductivity of the filtering media. When analyzing the sensitivity of the parameters for each method, the runoff coefficient and the daily precipitation with 90% probability were identified as the most sensitive parameters. For the period 2050–2100, there was an increase of up to 2×, 2.5× and 4× in inflow for PS, SS and NS, respectively. However and despite the great uncertainty of future drivers, bioretention performance would remain almost constant in future periods due to modular design.
No Brasil, os eventos extremos de precipitação ainda são uma das principais causas de desastres ambientais. Com os cenários de mudanças climáticas, os extremos tendem a se intensificar. Assim, é necessário desenvolver medidas adaptativas que possam lidar com esses problemas, reduzindo os riscos à população, como técnicas compensatórias de drenagem urbana (TC). No entanto, os dimensionamentos atuais não levam em consideração os cenários futuros de mudanças climáticas e seus efeitos não estacionários. Assim, é necessário desenvolver novas curvas intensidade-duração-frequência (IDF), para mesmas durações e tempos de retorno, considerando as mudanças climáticas. Esse trabalho visou a realizar o ajuste dessas curvas para a cidade de São Carlos. Para tal, foram feitas estimativas de dados máximos futuros com o modelo climático regional (RCM) Eta – HadGEM e Eta - MIROC5, para RCP 4.5 e 8.5, para anos futuros. Como resultado, espera-se que essas IDFs sejam incorporadas ao dimensionamento modular de TC para serem usadas como medidas adaptativas às mudanças climáticas.
Palavras-chave: Modelo climático regional. Intensidade de precipitação. Atualização de IDF.
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