Pesticides in "PERA" orange samples (N = 57) from São Paulo City, Brazil were assessed and the pesticide intake contribution was estimated for chronic risk assessment. Seventy-six pesticides were evaluated by the gas chromatography multi-residue method, including isomers and metabolites (4.332 determinations). The mean recoveries at the limit of quantification level were in the range of 72-115% and the relative standard deviation for five replicate samples was 1-11%. The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.005 to 0.4 mg.kg −1 and from 0.01 to 0.8 mg.kg −1, respectively. Pesticides were found in 42.1% of the samples at levels ranging from 0.06 to 2.9 mg.kg −1. Df the contaminated samples, 3.5% contained residues (bifenthrin and clofentezine) above the maximum residue level and 12.3% contained unauthorized pesticides (azinphos-ethyl, parathion, myclobutanil, profenofos, and fenitrothion). The estimated risk characterization for orange intake by adults and children, respectively, ranged from 0.04 to 6.6% and from 0.1 to 26.5% of the acceptable daily intake. The detection of irregular residues emphasizes the need for better implementation of Good Agriculture Practices and greater control of formulated products. Dther pesticides surveyed did not pose a health risk due to consumption.
Perfumes e colônias são elaborados a partir de uma criteriosa seleção de matérias-primas que, combinadas, conferem características únicas e de alto valor agregado ao produto. Em virtude da enorme lucratividade que o setor da indústria cosmética proporciona, a comercialização de produtos falsificados cresce continuamente. Este estudo analisou a autenticidade e a segurança de perfumes e colônias de marcas nacionais encontrados no comércio clandestino de São Paulo, avaliando-se os parâmetros microbiológico, citotóxico, perfil cromatográfico e de autenticidade. Houve divergências entre as características das amostras analisadas e dos padrões de referência, as quais indicam que estes produtos não eram procedentes das empresas detentoras das marcas. Este dado serve de alerta para intensificar a fiscalização e adoção de medidas contra a prática da falsificação, como as campanhas educativas, para esclarecer os riscos que estes produtos podem causar à saúde e à segurança dos consumidores. Palavras-chave. autenticidade, falsificação, perfumes, colônias, fragrância.
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