Compared to the results from other countries shown by the World Health Organization, the periodontal condition in our examinees is below the average. The appropriate preventive program preparation and its implementation are needed, including primarily the appropriate training on oral hygiene, as well as education based on periodontal disease prevention and treatment.

The increasing trend in lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer mortality points to the necessity to investigate etiology and improve primary and secondary prevention measures.

Background/Aim. Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease. Oxidative stress is an important factor in periodontitis progress, hence examining the antioxidative properties of antiseptics, such as chlorhexidine (CHX) and silver ions solution (SSI), is a beneficial biomarker in estimating the recovery of tissue impairment during periodontal disease treatment. Methods. This clinical trial was conducted on the control group referred to healthy volunteers and individuals with periodontal disease, divided into two subgroups: before and after applying antiseptic treatments (CHX or SSI). Measurements of oxidative/antioxidative parameters were addressed to determine thiobarbituric acid products (TBARS) concentration and total superoxide dismutase (tSOD) activity in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontal patients. Results. TBARS concentration was increased in saliva before the CHX treatment compared to the periodontal group after the CHX treatment, as well as before both CHX and SSI antiseptic treatment in CGF, compared to controls and periodontal groups after the treatment. Patients before SSI treatment had increased tSOD activity in saliva compared to the control group treated with SSI, as well as compared to patients after the SSI treatment. Additionally, tSOD activity was increased in GCF in patients with periodontitis before antiseptic treatment (CHX, SSI) compared to the control or the group of patients after the appropriate treatment. Conclusion. Our results revealed elevated lipid peroxidation in CGF, which reflected the promotion of oxidative stress during periodontal inflammation. The study suggests that antiseptics with antioxidant properties may reduce tissue damage initiated by periodontal disease. Moreover, the determination of oxidative/antioxidative parameters can be important for diagnosing, monitoring, and prognosis of the clinical state of periodontal patients.

Background/Aim. Bacteria play the most important role in the development of periodontitis and chlorhexidine (CHX) is a "gold standard" in its treatment. Silver ions are also strong antiseptics, being used in dentistry for a long time. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of CHX and colloidal silver ions solution (SSI) in the treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis. The additional aim was to ascertain silver ions, tolerability and efficacy comparing to CHX. Methods. Twenty-nine examinees of both sexes (the average age 50.6) participated in this study and were divided into two groups. The patients in the first group (n = 15) suffering from a generalized moderate chronic periodontitis, after scaling and root planning (SRP), were treated by rinsing of periodontal pockets with 0.2% solution of CHX. The patients of the second group (n = 14), in addition to the treatment of periodontal pockets, were treated with a 5 mg/mL colloidal SSI. Results. During the periodontal treatment, the mean values of all clinical parameters (except clinical attachment loss -CAL), in the both groups of patients were statistically significantly lower (p < 0.001) in relation to the initial values. The greater reduction of periodontal bleeching on probing (BOP) depth after one month was found in the SSI treated group (0.97 mm) in relation to the CHX group (0.65 mm). The local application of CHX and SSI led to statistically significant reduction of gingival parameters (gingival index -GI and BOP) in the groups after the treatment (GI for 0.65 and 0.87; BOP for 0.31 and 0.33, respectively). Conclusion. The results of our study showed that colloidal SSI was at least equally effective in the treatment of patients with periodontal disease as the solution of CHX. Additionally, the SSI is simple for use which speaks in favor of its more extensive use in dentistry including chronic periodontal disease.