No abstract

Treatment of patients with gunshot bone and soft tissue defects of the extremities requires non-standard approaches and the participation of doctors of various specialties. The application of additive and microsurgical technologies allows one-stage restoration of bone defects and functionally important soft tissue formations. Objective: To demonstrate the possibilities of modern reconstructive-plastic surgery in combination with additive 3D-technology in the treatment of patients with severe gunshot wounds of the extremities. Clinical case: a patient with a combined wound of the chest and upper limb with a primary defect of the humerus and radial nerve. Treatment was based on damage control surgery (DCS) and damage control orthopedic (DCO) tactics. X-ray, computed tomography, and angiography were used for diagnostics and preoperative planning. Based on the CT data, a 3D model of the autograft, resection templates, and a metal structure for osteosynthesis were made. After stabilization of the general condition of the wounded man and elimination of the risk of infectious complications, a one-stage replacement of the radial nerve defect at the level of the middle third of the shoulder with a gastrocnemius nerve autograft was performed; the upper and middle third humeral bone defect was replaced with a free blood-supplied fibula autograft with osteosynthesis using an individual 3D plate with bacteriostatic hydroxyapatite spraying in combination with zinc. А positive anatomical and functional outcome was achieved in the treatment of a patient with a gunshot defect of the humerus and radial nerve. An individual complex approach combined with innovative technologies makes it possible to achieve good anatomical and functional results in the treatment of patients with primary combined limb gunshot defects.

The power spectrum and autocorrelation are widely used in video signals processing. The phase-frequency spectrum contains more information than the amplitude spectrum. However, the amplitude spectrum is used more often in the video signal process. It is possible to combine the advantages of these two spectra to obtain a vector function such as phase-energy spectrum. This spectrum is sensitive even to a small difference in pixel brightness but at the same time it is as stable as the power spectrum. In this paper, we explored the properties of the phase-power spectrum and related amplitude of partials vector field. We showed that phase-power spectrum has conservative as well as solenoidal components and so it creates curl’s vector field. We also found the components of phase-power spectra that contain pixels with a different degree of contrast on the uniform background. We showed the possibility to use solenoidal component of the phase-power vector field to find the circulation (i.e. field work). We concluded that the circulation along any of brightness contour constants, which is symmetrical to the origin, is equal zero. We explored two-dimensional vector field of the phase-power spectrum. Finally, we determined an effect of pixels with different degree of brightness and their relative position to the image’s edges on vector field’s components formation.