Disodium pamidronate (Aredia), a drug of the bisphosphonate group, was administered to 20 patients with pains in the bones due to secondary deposits of lung cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate the analgesic effect of pamidronate to osteolytic metastases of lung cancer in the bone. In 16 (80%) patients non-small-cell lung cancer was diagnosed, and in 4 (20%) patients small-cell-lung cancer was confirmed. Intensive disseminated pains in the bones were present in all the patients. Metastases in the skeleton were confirmed by radiography and scintigraphy of the bones. Initial values of calcium in the plasma were determined in those patients. In 11 (55%) patients, initial values of calcium in the serum were normal, and in 9 (45%) patients, they were elevated. Patients with normal calcium values received 30 mg of pamidronate in 250 ml of normal saline, and patients with hypercalcemia received 45-60 mg in 500 ml of normal saline. Analgesic effect of pamidronate was present in 12 (60%) patients, and the completely painless state was achieved in 4 out of 12 patients. Evaluation of the pain was done by questionnaire, using a simple, descriptive scale. In all 9 (100%) patients with hypercalcemia, values of calcium in plasma were normalized. Pamidronate exerted favorable analgesic effect in the case of metastases of lung cancer in the bones in more than 50% patients. Satisfactory results were also achieved in the patients non-responsive to palliative therapy by irradiation. This enables the use of opiates in lower doses.

SažetakOdređivanje realnog položaja acetabuluma je značajan klinički i biomehanički problem. Poznavanje njegovih linearnih i uglovnih dimenzija je od presudne važnosti za uspjeh brojnih kliničkih i biomehaničkih procedura.U ovom radu je na originalan način razvijena procedura izrade 3D modela zgloba kuka na bazi CT podataka. Pri tome su korištene mogućnosti CAD softvera CATIA-V5 i njegovih modula.Ukazali smo na mnogobrojna područja i mogućnosti primjene ove metode, kao što su: preoperativno planiranje kod artroplastika kuka, izrada individualno prilagođenih implantata i biomehanička mjerenja. Dalje, uporedili smo ovu metodu sa drugim sličnim metodama vizualizacije i 3D rekonstrukcije u medicini. Naš parametrizirani 3D model acetabuluma se odlikuje potpunom dimenzionalnošću i fotorealističnim prikazom, za razliku od drugih sličnih modela, koji imaju samo po jednu od ove dvije karakteristike.U ovoj studiji smo ukazali na mogućnosti usavršavanja prezentovane CAD metode, i predložili načine da se to postigne.Ključne riječi: biomehanika, CT podaci, parametrizirani D model, acetabulum, totalna zamjena kuka.

Fluorescence bronchoscopy is one of the methods for detecting metaplasia, carcinoma in situ and cancerous changes of bronchial epithelium in the large airways. However, the high rate of falsely positive findings represents a limitation of this method.