The comprehensive study included 128 adolescents aged 15-17 years, students of the pedagogical College and school sports, the obtained data compared with data from similar studies using standardized diagnostic approach, conducted in 1988 and 2003. Data on structure of boundary mental pathology and the addiсtion of disturbances, including information are provided. The conclusion about extremely adverse condition of mental health of teenagers of the surveyed contingent during 30 years and need of development and carrying out psychoprophylactic actions is drawn.

Official medical statistics and special studies indicate an increase in the prevalence of mental illness among all age groups, and there are high rates of teenage suicides. The aim of the study is to investigate the mental health of adolescents studying in various educational institutions. The object of the study was 100 girls and 100 young men aged 15-18 years training in general education schools and colleges. The study used sociological, clinical, follow-up and statistical methods. Various forms of mental disorders were detected in 67.5% of the examined. A significant part (36%) of them were made up of pre-illnesses, 16% of them were neurotic responses, 20% were pathological responses. Actually, neuroses were detected in 20% of the subjects. According to the structure of neurotic states, states of dysmorphomanic and depressive type were a significant proportion of them. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of mental pathology between girls and boys. In adolescents training in colleges, the prevalence of mental disorders was found to be of 82% appeared to be more than in teenagers training in schools (53%) due to responses of pathological character. Adolescents without mental disorders are more likely to exercise for 60 minutes less or more than 3 times a week, have a more long night’s sleep, spend less time on gadgets, spend more time less than 3 hours and less often - more than 3 hours. These factors can be considered as risk factors for the development of mental distress. Pathological character and accented personal characteristics are the most important predictors of mental disorders, based of they, there are formed risk groups, which should be in the sphere of attention of medical and pedagogical workers of educational organizations. A retrospective analysis of the prevalence of mental pathology in the historical interval of 15 years shows a decrease in the frequency of the neurotic response due to an increase in the proportion of neuroses in modern adolescents and an increase in the prevalence of pathocharacterological responses in them. It can be considered as risk factors for the development of mental distress. Preventive measures should be carried out by doctors, paramedics, nurses in medical aid departments.

New bimester model of academic year organization has been implemented at the University school (USH) of Moscow City University (MGPU). It consists of 6–7-week sessions with a two-week vacation. The change in the structure of the educational process is aimed at preventing fatigue of students, psychosomatic disorders and chronic diseases. The comprehensive medical examinations of primary school students have been conducted for 3 years in USH, at the beginning and at the end of the school year. It is estimated that for the period of longitudinal observation the prevalence of chronic diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders did not increase among students.

Introduction. The state of health in students in schools is directly dependent on the state of health and psycho-emotional well-being in teachers. The purpose of the study: to substantiate the algorithm for assessing the provision of favourable conditions for the professional activities of schoolteachers based on an analysis of the lifestyle, work intensity and work regime, the state of health and psychological well-being in teachers. Materials and methods. The object of the study were teachers, tools for assessing the health promoting activities of schools. Surveys of lifestyle, work management, psychological status in teachers, medical examinations were conducted; analysis of tools for assessing the health promoting activities of schools. Results. Teachers are mostly women aged 30 to 59 years, with an average teaching experience of 23 years, have favourable family and living conditions. The optimal intensity of the teacher’s activity was found in 3.3%, acceptable – in 76.7%, tense of the 1st degree (harmful) – in 20.0%. 74.1% of teachers had a high level of occupatonal stress. Most teachers care little for their health. The leading behavioural risk factors for teachers are irrational unbalanced nutrition, irrational management of work and rest, low physical activity. Limitations. The use of a complex of research methods was one of the strengths of the study, which made it possible to identify potential factors affecting the health of teachers and develop an algorithm for assessing the provision of favourable conditions for the professional activities of schoolteachers. The program of an in-depth examination with the determination of the state of health and psychological status included only primary school teachers in Moscow, so the results of the study may vary depending on the place of residence (region) and personal characteristics, but can be generalized in relation to persons with similar background characteristics and conditions Conclusion. Modern professional risk factors for the health of teachers are determined. For the first time, indicators and an algorithm for assessing the provision of favourable conditions for the professional activity of schoolteachers are proposed.

Introduction. Against the background of socio-economic transformations and the digitalization of education, the health indicators of students are changing, which requires in-depth research. Aim of the study: based on the longitudinal observation of the health of schoolchildren, to identify the patterns of its formation for the scientific justification of improving the medical care of students. Material and methods. From the 1st to the 11a grade (2005-2015), the same students (199 boys and 227 girls) of 4 Moscow schools were examined annually with the performance of anthropometry, electrocardiography, functional tests, and questionnaire to identify complaints and anamnesis; specialist doctors carried out 25,298 examinations. In addition to the analysis of morbidity, a qualitative analysis of the course of pathological processes in students was carried out to determine positive and negative dynamics. Results. Over 11 years, the prevalence of functional disorders increased by 14.7%, chronic diseases by 52.8%, the frequency of visual disturbances, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, digestive organs, neurotic reactions increased; new forms of risk behaviour and information dependence appeared. An unfavourable period of development of pathological processes in schoolchildren is training in grades 9-11. Compared with the 1990 morbidity rates obtained by similar methods, there was an increase in the prevalence of functional disorders among adolescents by 2-3 times and chronic diseases by 20-70%. When comparing physical development with peers of the second half of the XX century, the observed schoolchildren increased the average values of body length and weight with a decrease in functional indicators. Distance learning during the first wave of COVID-19 in spring 2020 has increased the prevalence of computer vision, carpal tunnel syndromes, and neurotic reactions. Discussion. The main patterns of health formation in school ontogenesis, coinciding with the change of generations and the transition to the digitalization of education, are revealed. Conclusion. The study results allow predicting an increase in the prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders, myopia, scoliosis, computer-visual and carpal tunnel syndromes. To preserve students’ health, to counteract COVID-19, a modern model of school health care is proposed.