The globalization process, with its own special tools, is affecting the surrounding world, and the religion of Islam and its ideological structures, as well as any other stream of globalization process, are affected. The process of globalization affected by the current trend is in the pursuit of dominance over other competing ideologies and, in the meantime, deals with the struggle with competing ideologies with tools such as the spread of democracy, technology, consumerism, and so on. The process of globalization in dealing with Islamic ideology, due to structural, fundamental, ideological and so on contradictions, reveals the ideology of political Islam as weak and weak. The globalization discourse with the central point of modernism opposes other discourses and is now struggling with the discourse of political Islam. Globalization discourse, with its special system of meaning, seeks to change the values ​​of the political Islam discourse. One of the most striking features of globalization discourse is through the political Islam discourse, the concentration and expansion of the idea of Islamophobia. The idea of Islamophobia is one of the socio-political foundations of the domination system, which has emerged through the mechanisms of the globalization process. In this research, the data have been gathered using the documentary methodology, the theoretical framework of the research has shaped theories of the critical school and postmodern thought, and the analysis of the research data has been done using the method of critical discourse analysis.

The increase in migration flows in 2010–2011 and 2015–2016 has brought the issue of immigrants’ integration in European countries to a qualitatively new level. The integration of immigrants and refugees is one of the central topics in academic and political discourses. This essay presents short analysis of the Swedish language policy towards integration of immigrants and refugees. The importance of this topic is determined by the fact that language is one of the instruments of inclusion in the host society.

This analytical essay is devoted to identifying the features of the formation and development of the Swedish model of the welfare state. The authors study the factors that played the main role in the development of the Swedish model. The authors also assess the impact of the 2008 economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic on the Swedish welfare state.

Features of Denmark's immigrant integration policy are considered. The evolution of Danish integration legislation and public discursive practices that have a direct impact on the immigrant integration policy is analyzed.

The Syrian crisis may be the beginning of a new conflict of civilizations. Ethnic and religious pluralism is clearly evident in this country: Muslims (Sunnis, Druze, Alawites, Shiites and Ismailis); Christians (Orthodox, Catholics, Maronites, Protestants) and Turkmen and Kurdish ethnic minorities. The Syrian crisis of 2011 seemed to go against the ruling elite (Alawis). With the escalation of the conflict, the country gradually became the scene of a civil war characterized by international dimensions. In this way, the conflict became a multilateral battle in which, on the one hand, the participants in it were the local element in the form of the government of Bashar al-Assad and extremist terrorist groups such as Jabhat al-Nusra, ISIL and Ahrar al-Sham; and on the other hand, the United States and its European allies, Saudi Arabia and some States of the Persian Gulf; and Iran and the axis of resistance, as well as Russia and China. Due to the presence of diverse cultures and religions, it appears that this will make the Syrian crisis a prelude to a renewed clash of civilizations. This research seeks to answer these questions: What are the basic propositions of the theory of the clash of civilizations and how is it represented in the Syrian crisis? Since, according to Samuel Huntington, the main sources of the clash of civilizations are the foundation of civilizations, religious and cultural antecedents, and cultural and religious identities. Consequently, they are expressions of the clash of civilizations: the war on terrorism, the Syrian crisis, the rise of ISIL and the presence of US military and international interventions, the competition of regional and transnational powers.