Nowadays, the problem of optimizing the interaction between man and nature by increasing the level of environmental culture of young people is relevant. The views of scientists on the specifics of the formation of environmental culture of higher education students are analyzed. Five interrelated components of the readiness of students of higher education for the formation of an ecological culture of students are characterized: motivational and valuable (deep interest of students in studying the ecological state of the environment, their conviction in the education of moral and ecological qualities in schoolchildren), cognitive (the formation of a certain system of psychological pedagogical, chemical, geographical, ecological, biological knowledge, which ensures the development of ecological thinking), procedural (formation of ecological and professional skills, skills and experience necessary for the implementation of environmentally safe activities with students), reflective and personal (formation in higher education students of the skills to realize the results of their ecologically oriented activities, to objectively evaluate them and determine one's attitude towards them). According to the components, the criteria for the formation of the ecological culture of future teachers of natural sciences are defined: value-orientational, cognitive, practical-active, reflective-evaluative. Value-orientational (the formation of the ecological and professional orientation and personal motivation of the future teacher of natural sciences in the process of professional training); knowledge (availability of a certain amount of knowledge from professional disciplines, understanding of the content, essence, signs and stages of ecological and pedagogical activities aimed at the formation of ecological culture in students); practical and active (availability of skills to use typical forms, methods and means of teaching students of natural sciences in educational work; skills of applying pedagogical innovations, the latest technologies, active methods and techniques in one's environmental and professional activities); reflexive-evaluative (formation of environmental-professional reflection in the future teacher of natural sciences; ability to diagnose his environmental-professional activity with the aim of its further modeling). According to the selected criteria and indicators, three levels of the formation of ecological culture of future teachers of natural sciences in the process of professional training are defined: low, medium, and high. It has been established that a teacher of natural sciences with a high level of ecological culture formation plays a decisive role in the implementation of ecological education of children and youth. Pedagogical conditions that contribute to the formation of the ecological culture of future teachers of natural sciences are also defined and substantiated.

Development of transport capable to overcome distances of the planetary level, was caused to more intensive, than early, expansion allied, especially invasive, species of plants that become concurrent for aboriginal flora. Phytoinvasions are one of the most important geoecological problems of our time, as they disrupt the species composition and structure of natural phytocenoses, ultimately leading to the impoverishment of the plant component of landscapes and the reduction of biodiversity. One of leading factors in the spread of adventitious and, in particular, invasive species is rail transport, as a result of which seeds and organs of plants capable of taking root and gradually displacing the aboriginal flora get in the way. Although among the invasive flora of Kirovohrad region there are representatives of different systematic groups and life forms of plants, still clearly dominated by angiosperms and - at the same time - herbaceous plants. Main peculiarities of the space differentiation are described by the examples of railway stations of Holovanivsk and Znamianka situated consequently in the West and the East of the Kirovohrad region. The most common representative of the invasive flora of the railways of the studied region is ragweed, also widespread grindelia spread (in the west of the Kirovograd region) and sweet silique (in the east of the region). Of the families of flowering plants, the most widely represented are Aster (Compositae), a significant place is occupied by Cabbage (Cruciferous), Thin-legged (Cereals), Legumes and others. Factors contributing to the naturalization of invasive species and their rapid displacement of aboriginal flora are various. The main ones are eurybiont, unpretentious to the conditions of the habitat, the significant size of the aboveground phytomass. The internal diversity in the invasive flora of the region's railways is mainly due to the influence of the factor of the sectoral nature of natural conditions within the territory rather elongated from west to east. Therefore, in the presence of clear common features characterizing the invasive flora of the region, the differences associated with predominance of moisture-loving plants in the western part of the region and drought-resistant plants in the eastern part are noticeable. The practical use of the study results is associated with the possibility of improving the system of measures to combat phytoinvasions, taking into account the geographical features of the spatial distribution of individual species. Results of the investigation may be used during realizing tasks of ecologization of land using, especially defining priorities in the struggle with invasive species of the plants of railways. Discovered internal differentiation in expansion different allied species in Kirovohrad region gives a ground for defining the most important factors of distortion natural biodiversity in its different parts. Studying space peculiarities of expansion allied flora has a significance for create concrete actions directed to renewing initial space composition of phytocenosis and landscapes distorted by invasions. Key words: invasive flora, railway tracks, Kirovohrad region, adventitia, ragweed, grindelia spread, itching eastern.

Районування є логічним завершенням дослідження в науках про Землю, що дозволяє виразно представити просторову неоднорідність у поширенні певного явища. Дослідження інвазивної флори перебувають на пограниччі природничої географії та біології, зокрема антропогенного ландшафтознавства та флористики, тому інвазивно-флористичне районування території за ознакою поширення інвазивного флороелементу, зокрема у складі інвазивної флори залізниць, являє собою окремий різновид флористичного районування. Основними принципами районування у природничо-географічних дослідженнях є принципи територіальної цілісності, комплексності, ландшафтно-генетичний. Спостереження за флорою зон впливу залізниць проводилися в районах станцій Голованівськ, Знам’янка, Кропивницький, Помічна та Смолине, розташованих у різних частинах досліджуваного реґіону. Аналіз закономірностей геопросторового поширення інвазивних видів залізниць у Кіровоградській області свідчить про її певну територіальну неоднорідність. Хоч амброзія полинолиста на всій її території є найпоширенішим видом, ступінь поширення інших рослин, зумовлений, передовсім, природними чинниками, створює певну картину просторової диференціації. Західна частина Кіровоградської області, зокрема, райони залізничних станцій Голованівськ і Смолине, характеризується особливо помітним поширенням, поряд з амброзією полинолистою, також ґринделії розчепіреної. При просуванні на схід цей вид трапляється рідше, але збільшується присутність свербиги східної. Зокрема, така закономірність простежується при дослідженні флори станцій Кропивницький і Знам’янка. Ще інші риси властиві південній частині Кіровоград- ської області (зокрема, район станції Помічна), де змінюється співвідношення в поширеності як окремих видів, так і родин рослин (за незмінного панівного становища Айстрових). На підставі визначених особливостей у межах Кіровоградської області виділено чотири інвазивно-флористичні райони – західний, центральний, східний і південний.

The article examines "The Line" technology, its impact on city functioning and economic efficiency. The foreign experience of using "The Line" technology was analyzed. The main aspects of the functioning of the "city of the future" system to achieve maximum efficiency in the conditions of the city's development are considered. The concept of the city of the future" should ensure the development of society. Strategic approaches to management, the use of technological innovations and the involvement of residents in constant changes are highlighted, which forms the basis of the system's existence and adaptability. The essence of the concept "The Line" is based on the need to ensure in the near future a high quality of society's life through the use of advanced technologies, which primarily provide for the safe, economical, ecological functioning of all subsystems of the city's life. The question of achieving the status of the city of the future in the desert due to reforms in the sector of public services, transport, construction, housing and communal services, energy, medicine, trade, social support of citizens, security, and finance was investigated. It is a vertical metropolis 170 kilometers long and half a kilometer high, with hanging gardens, airports and industry, without pollution, cars and with high-speed public transport.

. The impact of wars on the environment is always adverse, regardless of whether it is caused by direct military action or strategic countermeasures. The overall environmental damage caused by a particular war is the result of many factors and is often multidimensional, as water bodies, forests, air, soils, and all living organisms are affected. During the five months of the war, our country suffered enormous environmental damage. It will take decades to restore Ukrainian nature. Today, active hostilities are taking place in the south of Ukraine in nature conservation steppes with unique ecosystems, which will take at least 50 years to restore. Among the objects of the nature reserve fund of the Mykolaiv Oblast that suffered due to the war, there are sections of the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve, the Regional Landscape Park "Kinburnska Kosa" and the National Nature Park "Biloberezhya Svyatoslav". Even in the first days of the war, Russian troops entered the Kinburn Peninsula, after which fires broke out that threatened the existence of rare species of flora and fauna. In addition, large populations of animals and plants were so exterminated by numerous explosions throughout the territory of Ukraine that we may now lose them forever and irrevocably. Today, 2.5 million hectares of Europe's nature conservation network are under threat of destruction due to the actions of the russian federation. These are 160 objects of the Emerald Network - territories of existence of species and habitats protected at the pan-European level. And there are 17 Ramsar sites with an area of ​​627.3 thousand hectares - wetlands of international importance.