No abstract

The purpose of the research was to establish the mechanism of the magnetic field impact on seeds to determine the most effective mode of pre-sowing treatment of seeds in a magnetic field and design parameters of the device for magnetic treatment of seeds. It is established that under the influence of a magnetic field the rate of chemical reactions occurring in plant cells is accelerated, solubility of salts and acids increases, and permeability of cell membranes accelerates the diffusion of molecules and ions through them. This leads to an increase in the concentration of ions in the cell and oxygen molecules and the growth of water absorption of seeds. Pre-sowing seed treatment promotes increased germination by 25-40%, and germination by 30 - 35%. The most effective pre-sowing treatment of seeds in a magnetic field is a magnetic induction of 0.065 Tl with four reversal magnetization, a pole division of 0.23 m and a seed movement speed of 0.4 m/s. With this mode of treatment, crop yields increase by 20–25%.