Background: Pre-eclampsia affects 2-5% of pregnancies and is a major cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Doppler is a non-invasive method for evaluation of feto-placental circulation without affecting pregnancy. A high resistance index in uterine artery Doppler waveform has been shown to be the best non-invasive screening test. Thus, we have conducted this study to find out the predictive value of transvaginal uterine artery doppler in early pregnancy for the prediction of pre-eclampsia. The aim of the study was early prediction of pre-eclampsia by trans-vaginal uterine artery Doppler study at 12-16 weeks.Methods: According to the study criteria 100 antenatal women between 12 to 16 weeks of singleton pregnancy attending out patient in the Department of OBG of S. D. M. Medical College Dharwad were included. After an informed consent, the women underwent ultrasound for dating and subsequently trans-vaginal ultrasound along with color doppler was performed to obtain uterine artery indices. These women were again rescanned at 24-26 weeks of gestation trans-abdominally and further followed up clinically for development of preeclampsia.Results: Out of 100 women, 22 patients developed preeclampsia. At 12-16 weeks 35% of women had bilateral uterine artery notching, mean RI was 0.57 and PI was 0.89. When uterine artery notch at 12-16 weeks alone was considered, 34.28% of women developed preeclampsia. Detection rate increased to 85.71% when RI>0.65 was also included along with notching. Uterine artery notching at 12-16 weeks gestation had 34.29% sensitivity, 84.62% specificity, 70.51% NPV. When notch and RI>0.65 considered together sensitivity and NPV increases to 85.71% to 98.25%.Conclusions: The uterine artery Doppler waveform indices at 12-16 weeks are the best non-invasive screening test available for early prediction of preeclampsia.

Background: The nationwide Family Planning Programme was started in India in 1952, making it the first country in the world to do so. In spite of this about 56% eligible couples in India are still unprotected against conception. Even after 63 years of national level family planning programme there exists a KAP- GAP i.e. a gap between the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding contraception. Hence this study to reassess where we stand and also use it as an opportunity to increase the awareness, sensitize and motivate the eligible couples for contraceptive use and decrease the KAP-GAP.Methods: A structured questionnaire was given to postnatal breastfeeding mothers attending Outpatient department Obstetrics and gynecology and Pediatrics and postnatal wards of Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad from 1 November 2014 to 1 October 2015, and results tabulated.Results: In this study 48.4% of the mothers knew that exclusive breast feeding could be used as a method of contraception. About 54.6% mothers used one or the other type of contraception during breastfeeding. Most practiced contraception being condom followed by Cu-T. A very small number of mothers considered oral contraceptive pills and injectable contraception in the form of Depot-Provera.Conclusions: In most of the women attitude towards use of family planning method was satisfactory but there exists disparity between the knowledge and practice of contraception.

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Background: Amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus is an important biophysical marker of fetal wellbeing. Oligohydramnios defined as AFI<8cm can result in adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Aims & Objectives:The aim of study is to analyze the maternal and fetal out come in pregnant women with oligohydramnios at term. Materials & methods: A prospective study was conducted of all ANC'S admitted in labor room from the year august 2017 to July 2018. Out of 5800 patients 400 women at term with AFI of less than 8cms were included in the study. Outcome was observed in terms of AFI, type of delivery, Apgar score, birth weight, and NICU admissions. Results: The incidence of oligohydramnios was 6.89% in our hospital, in which moderate oligohydramnios was 4.58% &severe oligohydramnios 2.31%. Doppler changes were found in 3.2% on USG. The rate of LSCS was 28.5%. SGA was seen in 33% of which 11% had IUGR. NICU admissions were 28% and perinatal deaths 2%. Conclusion: Prevention, early detection and intervention of antenatal complications can probably reduce the incidence of oligohydramnios and improve maternal and fetal outcome.

Background: Globally, high rates of caesarean section (CS) are an issue of public health concern. For women who have had a previous caesarean, choices for mode of birth in their next pregnancy are either a trial of vaginal birth after caesarean (TOLAC) or an elective repeat caesarean delivery (ERCD). Both ERCD and TOLAC have benefits and risks associated. Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at SDM college of medical science and hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India. The study included 80 women with one previous lower segment caesarean section over a period of 1 year. A 40 women underwent TOLAC and 40 women had a repeat caesarean section. The maternal and fetal outcomes in trial of labour after caesarean delivery and repeat caesarean delivery were compared. Results: In this study maternal morbidity was more common in ERCD group than in the TOLAC group. Neonatal outcome was the same in both the study groups. Conclusions: In our study the TOLAC success rate was 70-80%, pregnant woman with one previous lower segment Caesarean section should be given the option of TOLAC, unless contraindicated.