The purpose of this research is to deeply investigate the phenomenon of control problems changes during the pandemic COVID-19 era of crisis that triggers the changes in the organisation’s management control system (MCS). The deep process of control problems changes and the undertaking of MCS in the operational areas of the family business company are the focus of this research. This study is designed as a qualitative case study research that were drawing the data from two family business companies in the culinary business to get the empirical data. The research findings show the fact that lack of directions have become more significant control problems during the crisis era. Based upon the two investigated cases, the crisis era has changed not only the business environment but the business process as well that have led to the changing in the working environment. New problems emerged as the response to the changing of the operational activities and the existing MCS dominated with centralised informal control mechanism could not address it well. These mechanisms could not provide clear guidance for the managers and employees in problem solving and decision making in more unpredicted situation during the crisis. Therefore, strengthening and updating the formal controls are imperative in addressing the changes during the crisis of pandemic COVID-19 era
Burkholderia cenocepacia H111 is an opportunistic pathogen which is difficult to eradicate due to its virulence factors, specifically biofilm. The ability of B. cenocepacia to form biofilm is regulated by quorum sensing (QS) system using a signal molecule. Environtmental bacteria often showed the ability to inhibit the QS of other species because they have special and unique metabolites or enzymes. In previous research several environtmental bacteria was isolated from few places in Java Island. However, until now the potential of these bacteria have not been investigated yet. This study was conducted with the aim to investigate the effect of these environmental bacterial isolates, i.e. Bacillus sp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Enterobacter ludwigii and Kosakonia radicincitans on quorum sensing system of B. cenocepacia H111, particularly on quantities of acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) and biofilm that were produced. The quantity of AHL molecule is measured by biosensor assay using Escherichia coli JM109 pSB401 while the quantity of biofilm formation was quantified by crystal violet method. The result showed that supernatants of all these environtmental bacteria have no impact in decreasing of AHL nor biofilm. On the other hands, all the crude extracts showed a reduction either to AHL molecule and biofilm formation. The Bacillus sp. crude extract revealed the most reducing effect, with 84 % for AHL molecule and 71 % for biofilm. It can be concluded that crude extracts of all environmental bacteria have quorum quenching activity to B. cenocepacia H111 cells, specifically in reducing AHL levels and biofilm quantity. Crude extract from Bacillus sp. gave the highest inhibitory effect.
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