The European gypsy moth, (Lymantria dispart.) is an introduced forest pest that has significantly impacted hardwood forests and urban environments in the northeastern United States. In urban settings, homeowners allocate significant financial resources to mitigate gypsy moth damage. The objective of this study was to assess the costs of gypsy moth control-related services provided by arborists to homeowners. At present, cost information on this type of service is unavailable to urban resource managers. Urban cost data will allow for comparisons of treatment alternatives between residential and other urban situations. Cost data were obtained from two large commercial tree care companies operating in the northeastern United States. From these data, an average hourly rate of $104.70 was developed for the two companies (excluding materials). This rate was broken down into five major components: (1) labor, (2) overhead, (3) equipment, (4) mobilization, and (5) profit. Labor, overhead, and equipment costs accounted for approximately 48% of the total cost to the customer. Mobilization cost which included travel and setup time accounted for approximately 15%. The materials cost varied depending on the type of treatment chosen. Data reported in this study are limited to hydraulic application

Contexto: Una de las tareas nucleares que se asignan a los profesores clínicos es capacitar a los estudiantes para escoger entre un grupo de características que presenta un paciente y asignar con precisión una etiqueta diagnóstica con el objetivo final de desarrollar una estrategia de tratamiento apropiada. Durante los últimos 30 años se ha debatido considerablemente en el seno de la literatura en Educación en Ciencias de la Salud, sobre el modelo que mejor describe cómo los clínicos expertos generan decisiones diagnósticas. Propósito: El propósito de este ensayo es proporcionar una revision bibliográfica de la investigación sobre razonamiento clínico. Los puntos fuertes y débiles de las diferentes aproximaciones del razonamiento clínico se examinarán usando una de las principales divergencias se da entre los modelos de estrategia de razonamiento analítico (p.ej., consciente / controlado) versus estrategias de razonamiento no analítico (p.ej., Context: One of the core tasks assigned to clinical teachers is to enable students to sort through a cluster of features presented by a patient and accurately assign a diagnostic label, with the development of an appropriate treatment strategy being the end goal. Over the last 30 years there has been considerable debate within the Health Sciences Education literature regarding the model that best describes how expert clinicians generate diagnostic decisions. Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to provide a review of the research literature on clinical reasoning for frontline clinical teachers. The strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to clinical reasoning will be examined using one of the core divides between various models (that of analytic (i.e., conscious/controlled) versus non-analytic (i.e., unconscious/automatic) reasoning strategies) as an orienting framework. Discussion: Recent work suggests that clinical teachers should stress the importance of both forms of reasoning, thereby enabling students to marshal Lo que todo profesor necesita saber sobre el razonamiento clínico* Correspondencia: