Groundwater, or surface water of the same quality as groundwater, has always been the preferred source of potable water in the Federal Republic of Germany. Outlined are analytical techniques to detect chlorinated organics and the effects of chlorine and ozone treatments on water quality in that country.

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The objective of this study by Pacific Northwest Laboratory was to assess the impact that past and potential future discharges of ammoniated water to the 216-A-36B crib have on groundwater and river concentrations of hazardous chemical constituents. Until August 1987, the 216-A-36B crib, located in the 200-East Area of the Hanford Site, accepted ammoniated water discharges. Although this study addresses known hazardous chemical constituents associated with such discharges, the primary concern is the discharge of NH»0H because of its microbiological conversion to NOZ and NOZ. As a result of fuel decladding operations, material balance calculations indicate that NH.OH has been discharged to the 216-A-36B crib in amounts that exceed reportable quantities under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980. Although flow to the crib is relatively constant, the estimated NH.OH discharge varies from negligible to a maximum of 10,000 g-moles/h. Because these discharges are intermittent, the concentration delivered to the groundwater is a function of soil sorption, microbiological conversion rates of NH-to N0Z and H0Z, and groundwater dispersion. This report provides results based on the assumptions of maximum, nominal, and discontinued NH,0H discharges to the crib. Consequently, the results + show maximum and realistic estimates of NH-, N0« and NO., concentrations in the groundwater. Because this study shows NH. conversions to N0Z and H0Z to be rapid and complete, predicted concentrations of N0Z in the groundwater caused by NH. discharges to the crib are noticeable. The calculated groundwater concentrations beneath the crib would be 430 mg/L N0Z under maximum yearly average operations and 320 mg/L under conditions representing past operations during fiscal years 1984 through 1987. (For comparison purposes, drinking water standards, although they do not apply because there are no community water systems on the Hanford Site, are 45 mg/L.) These predicted concentrations compare favorably with measured groundwater N0^ concentrations in the vicinity of the crib. Therefore, we conclude that ammoniated water discharges to the 216-A-36B crib have a significant effect on observed N0^ concentrations in the ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to express their gratitude to all contributors of this report. Westinghouse Hanford Company provided much of the technical information on decladding and crib operations. Significant contributors from Pacific Northwest Laboratory included Frank Hara and Kris McFadden-analytical support; Kathy Cramer-review of regulations; Barb Denovan-NH.OH conversion studies; Wayne Martin, Clark Lindenmeier, and Stephanie McLaurineadsorption/desorption laboratory work; Virgina LeGore-radionuclide counting; and Paula Heller-sediment physical property measurements.