ABSTRACT:The action of alkali treatment in both aqueous and alcoholic media is investigated to attain silk-like polyester fabric. The use of alkoxide solutions is more effective on polyester fabric. Rapid loss in weight up to 15-20% occurs at ambient conditions. Immersion and padding techniques are applied. The effect of treatment on some properties of polyester fabric are given through measurements of tensile strength, drapability, permeability, density gradient, crystallinity, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Optimization of the treatment conditions is also suggested.

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Nanotechnology provides the ability to engineer the properties of materials. The possibility of using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) air plasma treatment for fibre surface activation to facilitate deposition of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), nano-silver (Ag) and nano-titanium dioxide (TiO₂) onto polyester fabric is investigated. It is aimed to study the possibility of engineering the multifunctional of polyester fabric. The treated fabric is evaluated through measuring the whiteness index (WI), wettability, surface roughness, surface morphology, flame retardancy, ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), antibacterial activity, mechanical properties, and coloration behavior as well as fastness properties. Scan electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) graphs show deposition of Al₂O₃ and nano particles (NPs) of TiO₂ and Ag onto the fibre after washing several times. Air plasma-Al₂O₃ treatment improves the flame retarding, UPF, the thermal stability and whiteness of polyester fabric; whereas air plasma-nano Ag treatment affects positively the antibacterial activity of the fibre and air plasma-nano TiO₂ enhances the fibre protection against ultraviolet rays. The colouration behaviour of the treated samples is unchanged or slightly improved

The effect of plasma treatments with oxygen and argon gases on some properties of polyamide 6 fibers is thoroughly investigated. The treated fabric with oxygen plasma is further treated with some metal salts solutions such as copper sulfate, nickel sulfate, and silver nitrate to study their effect on the antibacterial properties of polyamide fibers. The changes induced in roughness, wettability, and dyeability of polyamide 6 fabric are given. The surface morphology of treated fabric is characterized by using scanning electron microscopy. Density and crystallinity of the treated fabric are also evaluated. The antibacterial activity of treated polyamide 6 fabrics with oxygen plasma/metal salts solutions is improved. The dyeability and fastness properties are also enhanced.

Low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment of textiles has emerged as one of the environmentally friendly surface modification methods. In this work, the effect of LTP treatment generated by a dielectric barrier discharge technique (DBD) under atmospheric pressure by using three different gases; oxygen, nitrogen and air, on the properties of wool/polyester blend, is studied. The induced changes in wool/polyester blend properties, such as whiteness index, wettability, surface roughness, tensile strength, elongation %, surface morphology, dyeability and fastness properties are investigated. These changes are found to be dependent on the plasma treatment conditions, such as the gas that is used, discharge power and exposure time. The LTP treatments enhance the dyeing ability of the fibres with acid, basic and disperse dyestuffs as well as the fastness properties, and represent an approach to dyeing the blend in one bath.