Recently, the force balance method (FBM) has been proposed to calculate geometric correction factors for the stress distribution ahead of a crack tip. In this paper, the effectiveness of the FBM is proved by means of a numerical evaluation of the stress distribution ahead of a crack tip in finite‐width centre‐cracked specimens loaded by stresses along a portion of the crack. The finite element method is used for this purpose.

Hardening Law f = f i -P I 1 -u v = o 7 = 8@/8@ none H=v(P)To gain more insight into the mechanical behavior of snow for the purpose of numerical simulations of the tmction mechanism of a rubber tread moving on a snow-cowered road, three pertinent material models are investigated numerically by means of re-analyses of tests on snow specimens. Based on a comprehensive comparison of the obtained results, one of these three models is found to be superior to the other two. The technical background of this work is the design of winter tires.

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