Submerged cultures of the basidiomycota Cystostereum murrayi emit an intensive coconut-like, sweetish, and buttery smell. For identification of the key aroma compounds, an aroma dilution analysis using dynamic headspace was performed by adjusting the split ratio of the GC inlet system. Flavor dilution (FD) factors varied from 22 up to ≥218, whereby the largest class of compounds represented terpenoids, including two rare stereoisomers of 3,6-dimethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,7a-hexahydrobenzofuran (dill ether, ee ≥ 99.9). By means of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the substances with the highest FD factors (29, 212, and 218) were identified as diastereomers of 3,6-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexayhydro-3H-1-benzofuran-2-one (dihydromenthofurolactone) and as its corresponding C3-unsaturated lactone. The latter two compounds have not been described for Cystostereum murrayi or for any other basidiomycota previously. Supplementation studies using 2-13C-d-glucose indicated that these lactones as well as the two stereoisomers of dill ether and other terpenoids were formed de novo by the fungus.

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