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The arabinogalactan protein (AGP) fractions of embryogenic and non‐embryogenic callus lines of Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex. Klotzsch were analysed over a cultivation period of 9 weeks using the β‐glucosyl Yariv reagent and an anti‐AGP antibody (LM2). The amount of AGPs detected with the Yariv reagent increased in embryogenic cultures during the development of somatic embryos. The embryogenic and non‐embryogenic callus contained different sets of AGPs characterized with the Yariv reagent and the LM2 monoclonal antibody. AGPs recognized by LM2 are localized primarily in the protodermal cells of globular somatic embryos. The development of somatic embryos of E. pulcherrima appears to be associated with the presence of particular AGPs.